ZZQ英语考纲词汇总结(三）
1.&&&&&&&&&
obey v 服从；听从obey/observe/ keep the school rules
2.&&&&&&&&&
object n &v.object to doing (=be opposed to)
反对&objection to (接动名词) 反对have no objection to
3.&&&&&&&&&
observe v遵守；观察; 庆祝observe sb do/doing sth
&&observe one's birthday
庆祝…生日observation .观察&
&&keep sth under observation
4.&&&&&&&&&
obtain [əb'tein]&vt. 得到,获得 vi.得到公认;通用;流行;存在
5.&&&&&&&&&
obvious a. 明显的，清楚的 It was obvious to everyone that he was lying.
You shouldn’t tell such obvious lies
6.&&&&&&&&&
occasion n. 场合；时刻& on this happy occasion
.在这个快乐场合下&& on the occasion of
&;on occasion(=now and then)不时地,必要时by occasion of
(=because of) 由于
7.&&&&&&&&&
occupation &n
8.&&&&&&&&&
occupy v &occupy /take up a lot of room 占据, Is
this seat occupied ? occupy an occupy oneself
in/ with doing ,& be occupied in/with = be busy in
doing/with&&&
忙于干 &&occupation 工作 a side
occupation 副业
9.&&&&&&&&&
occur v发生Don't let this occur again. (happen, take
place)& The Olymipcs occur every four years. it
occurs to sb. that… 某人想到…It occurred to me that I left my pen in
the classroom.
&Oceania& n. 大洋洲
October& n. 10月
of &prep &&a bit
of少量的，一点&&&&
a bottle of 一瓶 a glass of
一（玻璃）杯&&&&
a great deal of 很多a handful of
少量的&&&&&
a (large)number of 许多& a lot of 许多，大量的lots of
许许多多的a piece of 一片（张，块） a place of interest 名胜 a pair of
一双，一对& a waste of 浪费all kinds / sorts of 各种各样的at
the head of 在……的前头at the mercy of 在……的支配下because of = due to /
thanks to/ owing to因为be made up of 由……组成be proud of 为……而自豪be fond
of 爱好，喜欢 be tired of 厌烦 die of 死于dream of 向往，渴望，梦想get rid of
处理，去掉in charge of 主管，负责in the charge of 由……掌管in honour of
为了纪念，为向……表示敬意 instead of 代替in the hope of 怀着……的期望in spite of
尽管knock out of 从……中敲出来make fun of 取笑某人make sure of 确定，弄清楚make use
of 利用masses of 大多数packs of 大量的，大部分play the role of 扮演……角色out of
从……向（往）外on the point of 正要……的时候plenty of 充足的，相当多的remind sb of
使某人想起run out of 用完scores of 许多，大量take the place of 代替，取代talk of
谈论，议论think of 认为，想到，想起take possession of占有，拥有
off &prep. & ad. see sb
turn/take off 取消，脱衣，起飞，离开;be well off 富有;pay off
还清;be off duty 不上班;off the point 不在要点 ;May Day is only a week
off.&& 五一只有一星期了
offence n 1.犯罪 2.罪行
officer n. &offer to do = make an offer to do
主动提出做… ;offer sb sth = offer sth to
sb提供&& I offered him &# for his
bike. 我出100元买他的车
official a &n an official letter 公函;news from an
official source 官方消息
offshore& a. 近海的
oil n&v oilfield& n. 油田
Olympic(s) a&n奥林匹克Olympic Games 奥林匹克运动会
&&prep&ad&
on average 平均on board 在船(车，飞机等)上，on duty 值日，值班 on fire 着火on foot
走路，步行 on holiday休假，度假on one’s way to 在……的途中 on one’s own 独立地，独自地on
the air （用无线电，电视）播送 on TV / the radio 通过电视/ 收音机/ 广播on the point of
正要……的时候 on watch / guard值班，守望agree on sth 就…达成一致 bring on
使前进，使发生，引起carry on 继续下去come on 来吧，赶快congratulate …on 祝贺depend on =
rely on依靠，相信, 取决于from then(now) on 从那时（现在）起 feed
on以……为主食have…on穿着，戴着 have an effect on 对……产生作用insist on doing
sth坚持要做…live on 靠…为生look down on(upon) 轻视，看不起 keep on (doing sth)
继续（做某事）move on 继续前进， pass on 传递，转移到play a joke / trick on 戏弄（某人）
spend / waste money / time on sth
once n ,ad&conj. I once lived here.（曾经） at once 马上,
同时once more 再一次 (once again); once a day 每天一次once and for all =once
and forever永远地& all at once (=suddenly, now)
立即,马上& once in a while (=occasionally)
偶尔& (just) for once 就这一次
one &pron. &in one/the same
direction同一方向one-sided 片面的 one-way 单方面one by one 一个接一个
oneself &pron&&
&(all) by oneself 独自(没有别人帮助)&
only a. &ad.仅仅 Only he saw the tiger. He only saw
the tiger. He saw only the tiger. Only in this way can you do it
well. not only… but also… too…to… only too...to = very
;& I am only too glad to meet you.
open a &v. The door won't open.门不能开;open an account
开个账户;leave the door open 让门开着;declare sth open&
宣布…开始be open to the public对公共开放opening speech 开幕词
operate v operate on sb. 给某人做手术 operation n. come /go into
operation开始运转 put /bring sth. into operation
使…投产,运转&
operate v People equate success in life with the ability to operate
the computer.人们把会使用计算机与人生成功相提并论
operation n. operate the machine 开动机器 &operate on
sb& 给某人动手术perform an operation on
sb& come into operation = come into effect = come
into force 开始生效
operator n
opinion&& What's your opinion of
the book ? = How do you like the book ?=What do you think of the
book?& have a good/poor opinion of 对…印象好/坏;be of
the opinion 持有…的看法in one’s opinion 按某人的看法Before giving my opinion,
I think it is important to look at the arguments on both
sides.在给出我的观点之前，我想看看双方的观点是重要的. As for me, I'm in favor of the
opinion that education is not complete with graduation, for the
following reasons:就我而言，我同意教育不应该随着毕业而结束的观点，有以下原因
oppose &v. We opposed the plan because of the
&be opposed to… 反对
opposite n&a. &be the opposite of
&…对立面 &Black is the opposite of
white.;& be opposite to &与…相对的
Black is opposite to white. &The house is opposite
the road.& (on the other side of)
optimistic a乐观的
optional a.随意的;非必须的；n.选修科目
or conj或；就是；否则or so 等等&& sooner
or later 迟早
oral a口述的，口头上的
orange n&a橘子，橙子，橘汁 橘色的，橙色的
orbit n （天体等的）运行轨道
order n&v(be) in
order(=acceptable)合适的,恰当的& in order 井井有条,处于良好状态;
out of order(=in bad condition)出毛病,发生故障&made to
order 定做的(衣服)
May I have your order, please? 请问你要点什么菜？ be made to order 订做 (Is
your suit made to order ?你的衣服是订做的吗？)
ordinary a普通的，平常的the ordinary people 平凡的人 ordinary -looking 长得一般We
were dressed up for the party but she was still in her ordinary
clothes. 日常装束
organ n器官；机关
organize (Am organize)v organization n. 组织，机构organizer 组织者
organization n组织，机构
origin n& originate in
/from(=begin)起源于,由..引起&a word of English
origin& 源于英语单词 a man of noble origin 一个出生高贵的人the
original edition 原版 an original birth
certificate&& 出生文件证明
other pron&a one… the other… 一个…，另一个some … other
+n. / others … 一些…，另一些the others 剩余的全部any other 其他另一个 He runs
faster than any other student in his class.every other 每隔 every
other/ second line = every two lines 隔行the other day 几天前
（用一般过去时）other than 除了& I can’t do other than obey.
我只好服从。
otherwise conj. / adv. 否则，用不同方法Work hard, otherwise you will be
sorry. 努力工作，否则你回后悔。 He should have done it otherwise他应该用别的方法做事
ouch int（突然受痛时的叫声）哎哟
ought 应该 ought to do sth = should do sth 应该做某事（前者语气更强） ought to
have done sth = should have done sth& 本应该做某事
ourselves pron
out ad. break out 爆发，突然发生 carry out 开展，执行，实现check out 查明，结帐 die out
消失，灭亡find out 找出，查出 give out 分发，散发，用完hand out分发 help…out
帮某人从困境中解脱hold out 伸出 look out 留神，当心pick out 挑出 point out 指出run out
of 用完set out发出，开始show…out 领……出去 try out 实验work out 算出，解决，制定出 be
tired / worn out 精疲力竭out of 从……向（往）外 out of breath 上气不接下气out of
work 失业，没工作 out of one’s reach 够不着out of question 没问题out of the
question 不可能put out 扑灭，关熄& send out 发出，派遣talk /
persuade sb out of (反: into) doing sth 说服某人不做all out to do
sth& 尽全力做某事& out of date ( 反: up
to date ) 过时的,陈旧的
outcome n结果The outcome of the match disappointed me
outdoor &adj 户外的
(反:indoor)&& outdoors adv. 在户外
(反:indoors)
outer a外部的，外面的
outgoing &a
outing n郊游，远足
outline n.&v.轮廓，要点a detailed
outline& 详细的提纲& outline a map of
the United States of America&&
勾画出…的轮廓
output n输出，产量Between 1932 and 1935, total output rose by 32
percent.; an output of 36 tons a day
outside n ad &prep
outspoken a直言的
outstanding a杰出的，突出的
outward(s) ad向外的，外出的
oval n &ad椭圆；椭圆形的
over prep在…上方；越过；遍及 ad. 翻倒；遍布越过结束
overcoat n
overhead a在头顶上的；架空的
overcome v战胜，克服
overlook v俯视；忽略
overweight a超重的
owe& &v. owe sb. money = owe
money to sb
欠某人钱&&&&&&
owe sb sth = owe sth to sb 归功于 owing to = because of = on account
of = due to& 因为 (前三者既可作状语也可作表语, due to
一般只做表语做状语时不用于句首)
own a &v &on one’s own (=along,
without help)单独of one’s
own某人自己的&&
owner n物主，所有人
ownership n所有制
ox (pl oxen ) n牛； 公牛
oxygen n氧； 氧气
1.&&&&&&&&&
pace n. 步子；节奏ten paces from 离…十步 &keep pace with
跟上…步伐
2.&&&&&&&&&
Pacific a. 太平洋的
3.&&&&&&&&&
the Pacific Ocean n. 太平洋
4.&&&&&&&&&
pack n. 包，捆；（猎犬、野兽等的）一群 v. （为运输或储存而）打包
5.&&&&&&&&&
package n. （尤指包装好或密封的容器）一包，一袋一盒
6.&&&&&&&&&
packet n. 小包裹，袋 a packet / pack of cigarettes 一包烟
7.&&&&&&&&&
paddle n. 桨状物，蹼
8.&&&&&&&&&
page n. 页，页码
9.&&&&&&&&&
pain n. 疼痛，疼，努力,辛苦(~s) painful adj.疼痛的have a pain in the stomach
胃痛spare no pains to do sth= take pains to do
sth&& 不辞辛苦(刻苦)做go to great
pains=take pains 下功夫,努力
painful a. 使痛的，使痛苦的
paint n. 油漆 vt. 油漆，粉刷，绘画
painter n. 绘画者，（油）画家
painting n. 油画，水彩画
pair n. 一双，一对 .a pair of 一对 (a pair of … 作主语时,指物用单数、指人用复数谓语动词) in
pairs 成对地
palace n. 宫，宫殿The Summer Palace 颐和园
pale a. 苍白的，灰白的turn pale with fear 吓得脸色发白
pan n. 平底锅
pancake n. 薄煎饼
panda n. 熊猫 &
panic a &v
paper n. 纸；报纸
paperwork n. 日常文书工作
paragraph n. （文章的）段落
parcel n. 包裹
pardon n. 原谅宽恕对不起beg one’s pardon 请求某人原谅
parent n. 父(母)，双亲
Paris n. 巴黎
park n. 公园 vt. 停放（汽车） No parking!
禁止停车&&
&&a& parking
&lot 一个停车场
parrot n. 鹦鹉
part n. 部分；成分；角色；部件；零件 a. 局部的；部分的 v. 分离；分开分割part with (=give up,
sell) 舍弃,卖掉Only a small part of his story is true.
&play a part/role in 在…中起作用& take
an active part in 积极参加 =(be active in); on one's part= on the part
of sb 就…而言I will apologize to you on the part of my friend
participate v &&participate in
(=take part in)参加&
particular a. 特殊的，个别的 be particular about / over sth 挑剔的，讲究的in
particular& 尤其，特别I like sports, and football in
particular.;& special特别的；专门的pay a special
visit to 专访 especially尤其These books are
designed& especially for children
partly ad. 部分地，在一定程度上
partner n. 搭档，合作者
part&time a.& ad. 兼职的； 部分时间的（地）A proper part-time
job does not occupy students' too much time. In fact, it is
unhealthy for them to spend all of time on their study. As an old
saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull
boy.一份适当的业余工作并不会占用学生太多的时间，事实上，把全部的时间都用到学习上并不健康，正如那句老话：只工作，不玩耍，聪明的孩子会变傻
party n. 聚会，晚会；党派
pass vt. 传，递；经过；通过 （past prep. 穿过，经过）& pass =
go/walk/run…past& &pass by（= go
by ）过去，从旁而& pass away 死亡，度过& pass
over 掠过 pass through&
穿过，贯穿；经历&& pass off 消失pass on…
passage n. （文章等的）一节，一段；通道； 走廊
passenger n. 乘客，旅客
passer&by n. 过客，过路人（pl. passers-by）
passive a. 被动的
passport n. 护照
past ad. 过 n. 过去，昔日，往事prep. 过……，走过某处 a past president
一位前任总统&& in the past 在过去
during/in/for the last(past) +一段时间+完成时
path n. 小道，小径
patience n. 容忍； 耐心lose one's patience
patient n. 病人 a 耐心的（反：impatient ）patience n. 耐心 be patient with /
towards sb 对某人有耐心 be patient of sth
容忍某物&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
pattern n. 式样
pause n.& vi. 中止，暂停；停止
pay (paid, paid) v. 付钱，给……报酬 n. 工资(1)Perhaps I shall pay a visit
to England this winter.参观(2)It’s high time he paid me
back the$100 he owes me.偿还(3)How much did you pay for
the book?为……而付款(4)I'll pay off my debt with this
check.还清
P.E.(缩) =physical education n. 体育
P.C.(缩) =personal computer个人电脑
pea n. 豌豆
peace n. 和平 peaceful adj. 和平的& peacefully adv.
和平地& at peace
和平的，平静的&& in peace 平安，安宁make
peace with 与…讲和& hold / keep one’s peace 保持缄默
peach n. 桃子
pear n. 梨子，梨树
peasant n. 农民；佃农
pedestrian n. 步行者，行人
pen n. 钢笔，笔write in ink / with a pen 用钢笔写
pencil n. 铅笔(write in pencil/with a pencil)
penny (复pence/pennies) n. （英）便士；美分penniless adj. 身无分文的
pension n. 养老金
people n. 人，人们；人民 ,民族
pepper n. 胡椒粉
per prep. 每，每一 percent n. 百分之…… percentage n. 百分比 About 70 percent
of the surface of the earth is covered by water. the unemployment
percentage&
失业百分比&& a small percentage of
perfect a. 完美的，极好的perfectly adv. 完美地Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧You
are a perfect fool你是十足傻瓜
perform v. 表演，履行；行动 performance n. give / put on a performance
演出perform on the piano(=play the piano)&
演奏钢琴perform well , well performed 表演好perform the operation on sb
给…动手术 &perform the task 完成任务
performance n. 演出，表演
performer n. 表演者，执行者
perfume n.香味,芳香,香水;香料
perhaps ad. 可能，或
period n. 时期，时代 come to a period = come to an end 终了put a period
to… = put an end to ….& 使…结束
permanent a
permission n. 允许，许可，同意
permit vt. 许可，允许；执照 n. 许可证 ( permitted permitting
)& permission n& permit / allow
sb sth，permit / allow sb to do sth ，permit / allow (sb’s) doing sth
。Weather permitting, I’ll go. = If weather permits, I’ll go.
如果天气允许的话,我回去的.& ask for permission 请求允许。with (
without ) one’s permission& (未)经允许
person n. 人 personal adj.个人的,私人的& personality n.
人品,品格,个性 in person = in one’s own person 本人,自己
personnel n人员,员工,人事部门
personal a. 个人的，私人的personal opinion , personal experience, personal
personally ad. 就自己而言
persuade vt. 说服，劝说 persuasion n.
advise = try to persuade ，persuade sb. to do sth = persuade / talk
sb. into doing &sth. 说服某人做某事。persuade sb. not to
do sth = persuade / talk sb out of doing sth. 说服某人不做某事
pest n. 害虫
pet n. 宠物，爱畜
petrol n. 石油
phenomenon (pl.phenomena) n. There is a general debate on the
campus today over the phenomenon of college or high school
students' doing a part-time job.对于大学或高中生打工这一现象，校园里进行着广泛的争论。
phone = telephone v. 打电话 n. 电话，电话机
phonebooth n. 公用电话间
photo =photographn. 照片take photos 拍照
photograph n. 照片
photographer n. 摄影师
phrase n. 短语；习惯用语
physical education 体育physical environment 自然环境&
physical change 物理变化
physician n. （有行医执照的）医生
physics n. 物理（学） physicist n. 物理学家
physical adj. 物理的, 自然界的,身体的(反: mental),物质的&
physically adv. physician n. 内科医生 (外科医生:surgeon
pianist n. 钢琴家
piano n. 钢琴play the piano 弹钢琴
pick v. 拾起，采集；挑选 pick out 选择，挑出&&
pick up 拾起，接，学会，（无意间）获得（消息或知识），收听，用较少钱买到，恢复健康 have one’s pocket
picked 遭扒窃
picnic n.& v. 野餐(picnicked , picnicking)
picture n. 图片，画片，照片take a picture of = take a photo of
,& get a clear picture of 对…有较清楚了解
pie n. 甜馅饼
100.&&& piece n.
一块（片，张，件……）
101.&&& pig n.
102.&&& pile n.
堆a pile of = piles of 一大堆 be piled with 堆满
103.&&& pill n.
药丸，药片
104.&&& pillow
105.&&& pilot n.
106.&&& pin n.
别针 v. 别住, 钉住 not worth a pin
一钱不值&& on pins and needles
107.&&& pine n.
pineapple n. 菠萝
ping&pong n. 乒乓球
110.&&& pink a.
111.&&& pint n.
（液量单位）品脱
112.&&& pioneer
n. 先锋，开拓者
113.&&& pipe n.
管子，输送管
114.&&& pity n.
怜悯，同情 （同shame） pitiful adj. 有同情心的in pity of 因为可怜…out of pity
出于同情feel pity for sb. 同情某人& have / take pity on /
upon sb. 同情某人what a pity / shame! 多么遗憾！
115.&&& place n.
地方，处所 v. 放置，安置，安排 take one’s place 取代某人; 就座take place 发生take the
place of 取代in place of 代替in the first place
首先&& in place 在原位，适当 （反：out of
place）place emphasis on 对…加以强调 place an order for&
116.&&& plain
adj. / adv. / n. 明白的，清楚的，朴素的，平平的；家常的，普通的，坦白地；平原 It is plain that
…很明显…
She is a plain girl. 她是个长相平平的女骇。be in plain clothes 穿着朴素
&plain living& 简朴的生活
117.&&& plan
n.& v. 计划，打算put forward a plan 提出计划 draw up a plan
制定 carry out plan 实施 according to plan, plan ahead 提前计划 plan to do
sth / on doing sth 计划做某事
118.&&& plane n.
119.&&& planet
120.&&& plant
vt. 种植，播种 n. 植物
121.&&& plastic
122.&&& plate n.
板；片；牌；盘子；盆子
123.&&& platform
n. 讲台；（车站的）月台
124.&&& play v.
玩；打（球）；游戏；播放 n. 玩耍，戏剧play a game& play the
piano（乐器前加 the） play football （加 the） play with fire
&play a joke on sb &,play an
important part in
125.&&& playroom
126.&&& player
n. 比赛者，选手
playground n. 操场，运动场
128.&&& pleasant
a. 令人愉快的，舒适的
129.&&& please
v. 请；使人高兴，使人满意
130.&&& pleased
a. 高兴的 . pleasant adj. (侧重外界作用)使人感觉愉快的 pleased adj.
adj. 高兴的,愉快的(自己感觉愉快) be pleased with. pleasing adj.
(侧重主观作用)讨人喜欢的,令人愉快的 (同pleasant ) He is pleasant to work with. I am
pleased to see you here. = It is pleasant for me to see you here.
the pleasing / pleasant thought 讨人喜欢的想法
131.&&& pleasure
n. 高兴愉快 with pleasure 乐意It is one’s pleasure to do sth.很荣幸做…take
(a) pleasure in 以…为乐
132.&&& plenty
n. 充足，大量 plenty of +可数名词或不可数名词& (多用于肯定句)
133.&&& plug n.
134.&&& plus vt.
prep. （用塞子）把……塞住 加，加上
135.&&& p.m./pm,
P.M. /PMn. 下午,午后
136.&&& pocket
n. （衣服的）口袋pocket money 零用钱
137.&&& poem n.
诗 a poem, two poems poetry n.诗的总称,无复数
138.&&& poet n.
139.&&& point v.
指，指向 n. 点； 分数 a point of view
一个观点&&&&
point out 指出& point to 指向& point
at 指向(一个点)to the point = in the point 切题的 (反: off the point
离题)& There is no point doing sth. 做某事没意义或作用. be on
the point of doing sth. (=be about to do sth.) 刚要去做beside the
point不切正题,无关紧要come to the point谈主要问题&
140.&&& poison
poisonous a. 有毒的，致命的
142.&&& pole n.
杆，电线杆；the North / South pole
北/南极&& the positive / negative
pole 阳/ 阴极
143.&&& police
n. 警察，警务人员
policeman (复men) policewoman (复 women) n. 警察；巡警 女警察
145.&&& policy
146.&&& polite
a. 有礼貌的，有教养的 politely adv.
有礼貌地&&&&
impolite adj. 没礼貌的& be polite to sb.
对…有礼貌&& It is polite of sb. to do
sth 做…是有礼貌的
political a. 政治的
politician n. 政治家
149.&&& politics
150.&&& pollute
pollution n. 污染environmental pollution 环境污染There is no denying the
fact that air pollution is an extremely serious problem: the city
authorities should take strong measures to deal with
it.无可否认，空气污染是一个极其严重的问题：城市当局应该采取有力措施来解决它
152.&&& pond n.
153.&&& pool n.
水塘，水池
154.&&& poor a.
贫穷的；可怜的；不好的,差的 poorly 缺乏地，不充分地 the poor 穷人（集合用法）&
a poor crop
歉收&&& in poor
health 身体不佳in my poor opinion 依我之浅见 &poor as a
church mouse 一贫如洗
155.&&& pop =
popular a. (口语) （音乐、艺术等）大众的，通俗的
156.&&& popcorn
157.&&& popular
a. 流行的，大众的，受欢迎的受欢迎的，流行的(pop)& popularity
n.& be popular with
受…欢迎&& popular/ pop music
population n. 人口，人数 populous 人口稠密的What’s the population of …? (
问人口多少不能用how many 或how much )，have a population of …the elephant
population 象群70% percent of the population in China
are farmers
159.&&& pork n.
猪肉 beef 牛肉& veal 小牛肉& mutton 羊肉
lamb 小羊肉& chicken 鸡肉
160.&&& porridge
n. 稀饭，粥
161.&&& port n.
港口，码头
162.&&& porter
n. （火车站或旅馆处的）搬运工
163.&&& position
n. 位置 a man of position 有地位的人& in a
favorable/difficult...position 在有利/苦难…处境下
164.&&& positive
&a. &give sb a positive answer
给…一个明确回答a positive suggestion 一个积极的建议 a positive attitude to life
积极的生活态度
165.&&& possess
vt. 占有； 拥有拥有，占有（be possessed of ）
possession n. 所有，拥有；财产（~s），所有物sb. is in possession of
sth& 某人拥有某物& sth is in the
possession of sb& 某物为某人所拥有come into the possession
of sb. （某物）落入某人之手personal possessions 个人财产possessor n. 所有者
possibility n. 可能，可能性
168.&&& possible
a. 可能的（反：impossible ）possibility n. 可能性as …as possible = as… as one
can 尽可能地It is possible for sb. to do sth 　sb. be
likely to do sth
169.&&& post n.
邮政，邮寄，邮件 v. 投寄； 邮寄
170.&&& postage
171.&&& postbox
172.&&& postcard
173.&&& postcode
n. （英）邮政编码
174.&&& poster
n. (贴在公共场所的大型)招贴； 广告(画)
175.&&& postman
176.&&& postpone
vt. 推迟，延期( delay)&&
postpone doing/sth& postpone making a decision.
The meeting was postponed for 5 weeks.
177.&&& pot n.
锅，壶，瓶，罐
178.&&& potato
n. 土豆，马铃薯a hot potato 一个棘手的问题
potential a 有潜力的，潜在的
180.&&& pound n.
181.&&& pour vi.
倾泻，不断流出
182.&&& powder
n. 粉末 粉(面粉是flour)&& power: 力量;
权力; 电力& in power: 当权 powerful: 强大的 powerless:
无权力的&& a power cut: 停电
183.&&& power n.
力，动力，电力
184.&&& powerful
a. 效力大的，强有力的，强大的
practical a. 实际的，适用的impractical: 不实际的practical experience 实际经验
&practical knowledge,&
practice& 练习, 做法 social practice 社会实践
&put sth into practice& 把…放到实践中 a
regular practice 习惯做法 according to the international
按国际惯例&& practice n. 练习in
practice: 实际行动& put into practice: 附诸实施
practise(美practise) v. 练习，实践practise doing sth.
187.&&& praise
n.& vt. 赞扬，表扬praise sb. for sth
188.&&& pray v.
祈祷； 祈求
189.&&& prayer
190.&&& precious
a. 宝贵的, 珍贵的
191.&&& predict
v 预言，预测
192.&&& prefer
vt. 宁愿（选择），更喜欢 A. 更喜欢；宁愿 vt.& He preferred apples
to bananas.& I prefer to go by air.Which do you
prefer, rice or bread? I would prefer she do it in another
way.(虚拟语气)B.习语 prefer doing A to (doing)
B&& 宁愿做A，不愿做B& I
prefer watching a football game to playing
football.& =I would rather watch a football game
than play football.prefer to do A rather than (do)
B& 宁愿做A，不愿做B Liu Hulan preferred to die rather
than give in to the enemies.
preference n. 选择，趋向
194.&&& pregnant
prejudice n
196.&&& premier
preparation n. 准备
198.&&& prepare
vt. 准备, 预备； 调制，配制prepare for sth: 为。。。做准备prepare for breakfast
准备吃早饭& prepare breakfast 作早饭
prescription n. 处方，药方
present& 1 a. 出现的，出席的 present2 n. 礼物，赠品 vt. 呈奉，奉送
at& present: 现在& for the present:
暂时in the presence of 在…在场的情况下
presentation n. 演示，演出
202.&&& preserve
v preserve the forest &preserve public order
维护公共秩序
president n. 总统；主席
204.&&& press
vt. 压，按press the bell 敲铃 press the button 按铃 press conference
记者招待会press sb for sth 催促 The bank is pressing us for repayment of
the loan.&
催我们还贷款&&&&&&&
n. 新闻界，出版社
205.&&& pressure
n. 压迫，压力，压强& under the pressure of
&&&take one’s
blood pressure 量血压
206.&&& pretend
vi. 假装，装作pretend to do sth: 假装做某事
207.&&& pretty
a. 漂亮的，俊俏的
208.&&& prevent
vt. 防止, 预防 prevent sb from doing sth: 阻止某人做某事
209.&&& preview
vt. 预习；试演；预展
210.&&& previous
a.& &previous to (=prior to)
在…之前&&&&&&&
a previous engagement 预约
211.&&& price n.
价格，价钱Any government, which is blind to this point, may pay a heavy
price.任何政府忽视这一点都将付出巨大的代价
212.&&& pride n.
自豪，骄傲 take pride in(=pride oneself on) 以…自豪& pride
oneself on& upon 以…自豪&
213.&&& primary
a. 初等的；初级的 primary school 小学the primary forest 原始森林the primary
meaning of this word 这个单词的原义 a matter of primary importance
头等重要的大事
primitive a ['prɪmətɪv]&a. 1. 原始的;远古的;早期的[B] 2.
粗糙的;简单的;未开化的 3. 纯朴的;自然的
principle& 原理& It is a matter of
principle.& 这是一个原则问题 stick to the principle = live
up to the principle遵守原则 on principle& 按照原则
216.&&& print
217.&&& prison
n. 监狱be in prison 入狱be out of prison 出狱
218.&&& prisoner
219.&&& private
a. 私人的in private (=privately) 私下, 秘密地& in public
公开地private letters私人的& private life
私生活&& have a private talk with sb
与…私下里谈话& in person& 当面的, 亲自的
privilege& n ['privilidʒ] 特权;优特(个人的)恩典,殊荣
(议会内部享有的言论自由等)议会特...vt. &给予...特权(或优待) 以特权免除
221.&&& prize n.
奖赏，奖品
222.&&& probable
a. 很可能的，很有希望的
223.&&& probably
ad. 很可能，大概
224.&&& problem
n. 问题，难题
procedure n [prə'sidʒɚ]&n. 1. 程序;手续;步骤 2.
常规;传统的做法
226.&&& process
过程 , 处理；加工 the process of history 历史进程process the data 处理数据 process
fruit 加工水果&&&
process a loan 办理贷款手续
227.&&& produce
vt. 生产；制造
228.&&& product
n ['prɑdəkt]&产品产物产量出产结果成果作品,创作
production n. 生产；制造
profession n. （需要有高等教育学位的）职业（如医生或律师）
professor n. 教授
232.&&& profit
n利润 make a profit &draw profit from
&do sth for profit 做…为了得益& do sth
to one's profit 因做…而得益
programme (美program) n. 节目；项目
234.&&& progress
n. &vi.进步,上进,进展,进行 make rapid/great progress, in
progress(=in the state of being done)进行中&
235.&&& prohibit
v禁止&&& prohibit
sb from doing
236.&&& project
n. 工程draw up a project&
拟定&& carry out a
project& be under project&
237.&&& promise
n.& vi. 答应允诺make a promise， break a promise 违诺
promise to do sth；The clouds promise rain.有可能要下雨 I promise to
return your bike in good condition . promising 有希望的
&a promising student
238.&&& promote
v促进 get/be promoted 获得提升 &Milks promotes
health.牛奶有助于健康promote the sales 促销
business.& People believe that computer skills
will enhance their job opportunities or promotion
opportunities.人们相信拥有计算机技术可以获得更多工作或提升的机会
pronounce vt. 发音
pronunciation n. 发音
241.&&& proper
a. 恰当的，合适的in the proper order 正确顺序in a proper way 正确的路He said
something proper for the
occasion&& 适合时宜的话
242.&&& properly
ad. 适当地do it properly = do it in a proper way
243.&&& protect
vt. 保护protect sb. against/from …She wears glasses in order to
protect her eyes from the
prevent sb from&
防止&&&&&&
defend sb against the enemies 保卫
protection n. 保护for one's own protection&
under the protection of 在…保护下
245.&&& proud a.
自豪的； 骄傲的be proud of: 以。。。为自豪I am proud of being/to be
a member of this organization
246.&&& prove
vt. 证明He proved ( to be ) honest.&
他被证明是诚实的& My advice proved wrong
247.&&& provide
vt. 提供provide sth for sb&&
provide sb with sth:为某人提供某物&&
provided that: 假如，provide for
抚养；赡养&& It is our duty to provide
for the old.
248.&&& province
psychology n
250.&&& pub n.
酒店，酒吧
251.&&& public
a. 公共的，公众的 n. 公众 public transport: 公共交通public servants:
公务员& go public: 上市in public: 公开地；当众be open to the
public 对公众开放& public holiday 公共假日in
private不公开地& in person 当面地 make the secret
public& 揭露秘密
252.&&& publicly
ad. 当众； 公开地
253.&&& publish
vt. 出版，发行publish the book
254.&&& pull v.
拉，拖 n. 拉力，引力
255.&&& pulse n.
脉搏，（光、能量、波等的）脉动，搏动
256.&&& pump vt.
用泵抽水pump the well dry 把井抽干 &pump the bike 给车打气
257.&&& punctual
punctuate v. 加标点
punctuation n. 标点符号
260.&&& punish
v. 惩罚，处罚
punishment n. 惩罚
262.&&& pupil n.
（小）学生
263.&&& purchase
v &购买&& purchase
purchase freedom with blood
264.&&& pure a.
纯的, 不掺杂的 ,完美的 the pure water 纯水 &a pure mild 纯洁的心灵
speak pure English
265.&&& purpose
n. 目的，意图 on purpose(=by intention,
deliberately)故意&to the purpose (=useful for one’s
purpose)得要领的,中肯的&for the purpose of 为…的目的
266.&&& purse n.
267.&&& push
n.& v. 推push a door open 推开 &Don’t
push agaist me. 不要推我
268.&&& put
(put, put) vt. 放，摆
A. vt. 放& He put the book where he found
B.习语put…across清楚地表达put an end/a stop to
sth.结束；消灭put…aside把放在一边；抛弃；积蓄put…away把收起来；储存备用；put…back把放回原处；拨回（钟表的指针等）put…down放下；镇压；记下；削减put…forth发表；提出put…forward提出；建议；拨快（钟表的指针等）put…in插话；伸进put…off推迟；延期；脱（衣服等）put…on穿上；增加（体重等）；上演put…out放出；熄灭；出版；生产put…right改正（错误）；整理；治愈put
sb. at ease使某人放心、安心、宽心put through…完成；put A through to
B把A接通B（电话）
put…together合计；装配（机器等）；把…放在一起put…up举起；挂起；搭起；上演；张贴put up
with…忍受put…into practice把应用到实践中去put sb. to bed打发睡觉put sth. to/into
use使得以应用put…into English把翻译成英语put in a word for sb.为某人进言put sb. in
charge使某人负责put sth. in order使井井有条put on airs摆架子put sb. to
death/test处死/考验
269.&&& puzzle
n. 难题，（字、画）谜, the crossword puzzle
填字游戏&&& v.
使迷惑& puzzle sb
270.&&& puzzled
a. 迷惑的，困惑的be puzzled
with/about&&
271.&&& pyramid
n. 角锥形，金字塔
1.quake n.& v. 震动，颤抖
2.qualification n资格a qualification test资格考试
&&a driving licence 驾驶执照
3.quality n. 质量，性质be qualified in
在某种科目或学科上合格& be qualified for 在某种职业上合格of good/poor
quality 质量好/坏&& Quality is more
important than quantity.
4.quantity n. 量，数
5.quarrel vi. 争吵，吵架
6.quarter n. 四分之一，一刻钟
7.queen n. 皇后，女王
8.question vt. 询问 n. 问题call…in question
对…表示怀疑beyond (all) question (=without question)
毫无疑问& &out of the question
(=impossible)不可能的& &in question
(=under discussion)所谈及的;&
&without question
毫无疑问&&&&&
This view is now being questioned by more and more
people.这一观点正受到越来越多人的质疑
9.questionnaire n
[,kwɛstʃən'ɛr]&调查用的问卷意见调查表
10.queue n. 行列，长队
11.quick a. 快；敏捷的；急剧的 ad. 快地；敏捷地；急剧地
12.quiet a. 安静的；寂静的
13.quilt n. 被子；被状物
15.quite ad. 完全，十分
16.quiz n. 测验，小型考试
1.&&&&&&&&&
rabbit n. 兔，家兔
2.&&&&&&&&&
race1 n. 种族，民族
3.&&&&&&&&&
race2 v. （速度）竞赛，比赛 n. 赛跑，竞赛
4.&&&&&&&&&
racial a. 种族的
5.&&&&&&&&&
radiation n. 放射，放射物
6.&&&&&&&&&
radio n. 无线电，收音机
7.&&&&&&&&&
radioactive a. 放射性的
8.&&&&&&&&&
radium n. 镭
9.&&&&&&&&&
rag n. 破布，抹布
rail n. 铁路
railway n. 铁路；铁道
rain n. 雨，雨水 vi. 下雨be caught in the rain 被雨淋了&
rainbow n. 虹，彩虹
raincoat n. 雨衣
rainfall n. 一场雨； 降雨量
rainy a. 下雨的；多雨的
raise vt. 使升高； 饲养raise one's head 举起 raise sb 养育… raise pigs 养猪
raise money 募集钱raise a question 提出问题 raise one's voice 提高声音raise
price 抬价
random a. &at random (=without aim or purpose)
随便地, 任意地, 胡乱地&
range n &v range over (=cove, include)
范围包括& &range between
范围在..与..之间不等&a wide range of …很广的范围out of
range& 在范围外range from ... to ... 从…到…
&Their age ranged from 9 to 15.&
annual range of temperature in Shanghai is 5 to
30.上海温度范围是5℃到30℃
rank n. 职衔，军衔
rapid a. 快的，迅速的
rare a. 罕见的，稀有的= uncommon, unusual, It's rare for me to be late.
&rare books .&
rarely& 罕有地 She is a rarely beautiful girl.
rat n. 老鼠
rate n &v &at any rate (=at all
events)无论如何,总之
rather ad. 相当，宁可It's rather cold
today.&&& rather
too + adj. 太…&&&
rather than 而不是 would rather do A than do
prefer to do A rather than do B
raw a. 生的，未煮过的，未加工的
raw material 原料
ray n. 光辉，光线
razor n. 剃须刀
reach v. 到达，伸手（脚等）够到beyond the reach of
无法达到(得到,理解)& out of reach of 无法够到. within reach of
(or within one’s reach) 够得到 ,能拿到&
react to 对…作出反应& . react on&/
upon 对…产生影响&
react against 作出反抗或反对反应
read (read, read) v. 读；朗读read traffic signs
读懂交通标志& read one's hand 看手相 I can't read your
heart. 我不知道你在想什么？&& The full text
reads as follows. 全文如下。 read about/of 读到…
reading n. 阅读；朗读
ready a. 准备好的 (be) ready for 准备好做…be ready to do
乐意干…&& readily&
乐意的,欣然的
real a. 真实的，确实的
reality n. 现实in reality (=in fact, really)
事实上&make sth a reality实现 bring sb back to
reality使…面对现实
realise (美realize) vt. 认识到，实现
really ad. 真正地；到底；确实
reason vi. 评理； 劝说 n. 理由，原因 beyond all reason
没有道理的& &by reason of (=because
of) 由于,因为& it stands to reason that
理所当然&reason with (=argue) 劝说,
&the reason
why/for&&& the
reason for his being
late&&& the
cause of the fire.& For my part, I agree with the
latter opinion for the following reasons:我同意后者，有如下理由：
reasonable a. 合乎情理的
rebuild vt. 重建
receipt n. 收据
receive v. 收到，得到
receiver n. 电话听筒
recent a. 近来的，最近的
reception n. 接待
receptionist n. 接待员
recite v. 背诵
recognise (美recognize) vt. 认出recognize one's voice
辩出…的声音&&&
recognize…as&& 承认…
recommend v. 推荐recommend sb sth , recommend sth to sb , I recommend
your buying the book. = I recommended that you (should) buy the
record n. 记录； 唱片on record 有记录的 &
record holder 记录保持者
record v. 录制，记录record sth = make a record of
recorder n. 录音机
recover vi. 痊愈； 恢复recover from 从…中康复
recycle vt. 回收； 再循环the recycled paper 再生纸&
&&&Paper can be
rectangle n. & a. 长方形；长方形的
red n. 红色 a.红色的in the red 亏损,负债,赤字& (be) get out
of red 不再亏损
reduce vt. 减少，缩减reduce the rent to￥90 per
month.把房租降低到每月90元。reduce…by降低了reduce supplies
减少供应& at a reduced price 廉价
refer vi. 谈到，提到，涉及，有关This is a book he refered to . refer to…as
把…称做…refer…to (=send, take) 送交,呈交&
reference n within reference to(=concerning, about)关于
reform v &n改革 reform oneself ,land
reform& 土地改革
refresh v refresh sb = make sb fresh against使…感到清新 refresh one’s
spirits 精神振作
refrigerator n. 冰箱
refusal n. 拒绝
refuse vi. 拒绝，不愿
regard v. 把…看作in regard to = with regard to = as for = as to
=concerning有关,关于give one’s regards to sb.向…问候&
regardless &a &regardless of
(=without worrying about, despite, in spite of) 不顾,不考虑
register n. 登记簿，花名册，注册员 v. 登记，注册
regret n.& vt. 可惜，遗憾；痛惜；哀悼to one's regret . with
regret带着遗憾He felt no regret about what he had done
.& regret doing . regret having done .regret to do
= be sorry to do. I regret to tell you that you failed in the exam
regular a. 规则的，经常the regular& fight
固定航班&&
&&Is this pulse regular ?
脉搏正常吗？&& a regular worker
has no regular work.
regulation n. 规则，规章
reject v. 拒绝, 摈弃& He wanted to join the army but
was rejected. &&reject a bill
否决议案 He rejected his family’s religious relief.
relate v. 有关； 涉及We are interested in what relates to us.
我们对与我们有关的感兴趣。relate A to B 把A和B联系起来I can't relate what he does to
what he says. be related to sb 与…有亲戚关系the related question 一个相关问题
relation n. 关系； 亲属the relation of father to son&
父子关系 in /with relation to 关于, 有关&
relationship n. 关系
relative n. 亲属，亲戚&
relax v. （使）放松，轻松
relay n. 接力，接替人，中转 v. 接替，补充；转运
relevant &a
&&&relevant to
与…有关的
reliable &a &The news comes from
a reliable source.
relief n &&to one’s relief
令…感到放心的是&relieve…of… 解除,解脱;帮助拿,辞退
religion n. 宗教
religious a. 宗教的
rely& v. rely on 依靠,
信赖&& rely on sb to do/
rely on the sun for heat and light.
remain vt. 余下，留下 vi. 保持，仍是If we take away 5 from 8 , 3 remains.
8-5=3.& Nothing remains in his
&&&the remaining
money = the money left& 剩下的钱 remain
poor/closed/cold&&&
remain (to be) good friends&
&remain a serious problem
remark n. 陈述；话； 议论remark on/upon 就…发表评论 (comment on)
remember v. 记得，想起
remind vt.提醒使记起remind sb. of
提醒某人,使某人想起&&&&
&remind sb to
remind sb that
remote a [rɪ'mot]&相隔很远的,遥远的;偏僻的[(+from)]
remove vt. 移动，拿走，脱掉（衣服等）remove ... from 把…从…除去
rent n.& v. 租金When is the rent due? 什么时候付房租？
collect rent 收租金 owe rent 欠租金rent sth to sb
把…租给…&&&&&
rent sth from sb 从…借来The room is rented at￥20 a day. 这间房每天20元租金
repair n.& vt. 修理；修补in good repair(=in good
condition)处于良好状态; be under repair 在修理中
repeat vt. 重说，重做
replace vt. 取代I replaced ( = put back ) the book on the shelf.
放回&& replace = take place
of& replace B with A = substitute A for B 用A替B
reply n. 回答，答复reply to 答复, 回答
100.&&& report
n.& v. 报道，报告a school report 学校成绩单It's reported that
..= The report goes that ...据报道…
101.&&& reporter
n. 记者，新闻通讯员
represent vt. 代表= stand for
representative n
104.&&& republic
reputation n
106.&&& request
n. 请求，要求的事物at one's request 根据…请求at the request of listeners.
request that sb ( should ) do.& request sb to
May I request your attention ?
107.&&& require
vt. 需求； 要求require sb to do& require that
...& require /need/want doing
sth& &require of = ask of
要求& What do you require of me? 你对我有…要求？(ask
requirement n. 需要； 要求； 必要的条件meet one's
requirements& 满足…要求& ( meet one’s
needs&& satisfy one’s needs)
109.&&& rescue
vt. 营救，援救rescue sb ...
come/go to one's rescue 去营救
110.&&& research
n. 研究，调查
111.&&& resemble
reservation n. 预定
113.&&& reserve
n. & v. 储备；预定I will reserve my opinion at this
time. I reserved my right to make a decision. reserve a table预订
114.&&& resign v
&resign from辞职
115.&&& resist
v. 抵抗；挡开the power to resist disease 抗疾病能力resist the temptation to
do 抵制去做…的诱惑can't resist doing 忍不住去做I can't resist laughing. I found
it hard to resist buying these book
116.&&& respect
尊敬，尊重&&& show
respect to/for&&
respect of 就…而论 in /with respect to
(=concerning)有关,关于&respects&
敬意&& Please give my respects to
your parents. = Remember me to your parents
117.&&& respond
v respond to 对…反应, 响应, 对(药)有效& in response to(=as
an answer to)回答,反应& &be
responsible for 对…负责, 是造成…原因
responsibility n责任 take the responsibility of doing 负责干…take
responsibility for doing 对…负责
119.&&& rest n.
休息；剩余的部分，其余的人（物） vi. 休息，歇息rest on /upon(=be supported
by)依靠,寄托& rest with (=be in hand of) 在…手中, 是…的责任;
由…决定; 依靠&at rest&
静止的&& the rest (of) 可指代可、不可数(the
other 只指代可数) restless 得不到休息的&& a
night&&& a
restless child& 焦躁不安的
restaurant n. 饭馆, 饭店
restriction n 限制restrict…to(=keep within limits)把..限于
122.&&& result
n. 结果，效果We worked all day but without any result
.& result in (=cause) 导致,&造成
&/result from. His carelessness resulted in the
accident. &The accident resulted from his
carelessness .& with the result that 其结果是. as a
result = so 因此& as a result of
作为…结果&
123.&&& retell
vt. 重讲，重复，复述
124.&&& retire
v. 退休a retired teacher& &An
investigation shows that female workers tend to have a favorable
attitude toward retirement.一项调查显示妇女欢迎退休
125.&&& return
v. 归还in return (for) 作为报答; 以报答return to sp 回到…&
return sth to sb 把…归还
126.&&& reuse
vt. 重新使用； 循环使用
127.&&& review
vt. 重新调查； 回顾； 复习 n. 复查；复习 评论
128.&&& revision
n. 复习，温习
revolution n. 革命，变革
130.&&& reward
n. 奖赏,报答give sb sth as a reward for& give sb sth
in reward for .& give a reward of sth to sb
131.&&& rewind
v. 回转（磁带等）
132.&&& rewrite
133.&&& rhyme
134.&&& rice n.
稻米；米饭
135.&&& rich a.
富裕的，有钱的be rich in
&….富有&&&&&&
be &rich = be wealthy = be well off 富的
136.&&& rid vt.
使摆脱get rid of 摆脱, 去掉, 除去&
137.&&& riddle
ridiculous a [rɪ'dɪkjələs]&可笑的,荒谬的;滑稽的
139.&&& ride
(rode, ridden) v. 骑（马、自行车） 乘车 n. 乘车旅行
140.&&& right n.
权利 on one's right. &&have a right
to do 有做…的权利be within one’s rights(to do) 有权(做)&
a. 对，正确的be in the right正确的;in the wrong错误的ad. 正确地，恰恰，完全地
&a. 右，右边的turn right& = take the
turning on the right& keep to the
right& 靠右行走正确的.合适的& What's the
right time?&&&
He is the right person for the job
righthanded a. 惯用右手的
rightwing n. 右翼
143.&&& ring1
(rang, rung) v. （钟、铃等）响；打电话 n. 电话，铃声 ring2 n. 环形物（如环、圈、戒指等）
ringroad n. 环形公路
145.&&& ripe a.
成熟的，熟的
146.&&& ripen v.
147.&&& rise
(rose, risen) vi. 上升，上涨with the rise of 随着…的增长 on the rise 在增长中
give rise to = be the cause of = lead to造成& 引起, 导致
&The sun rises in the east.
148.&&& at the
risk of(=with danger of)冒...的风险&
&run(take)risk of (=do sth dangerous) 冒着去做…的风险
149.&&& river n.
江；河；水道；巨流
150.&&& road n.
151.&&& roast v.
152.&&& rob v.
抢夺，抢劫rob sb of sth 抢劫 &steal sth from sb
153.&&& robot n.
154.&&& rock
&n. 岩石，大石头
155.&&& rocket
156.&&& role n.
角色play an important role in
在…中起重要作用&&&&&
the leading role
157.&&& roll v.
滚动, 打滚 n. 面包圈，小圆面包；卷状物
158.&&& roller
n. 滚筒； 辊
159.&&& roller
skating& n.滑旱冰
160.&&& roof n.
屋顶，顶部
161.&&& room. n.
房间，室；空间；地方make room for： 为...腾出空位
162.&&& rooster
n (美)公鸡
163.&&& root n.
根，根源，起源
164.&&& rope n.
165.&&& rose n.
166.&&& rot vi.
167.&&& rough a.
粗糙的，粗略的in rough weather&
&&get a rough idea of 对…有大致了解
168.&&& round
ad. 转过来 prep. 环绕一周，围着 a.圆的球形的
roundabout a. & n. 绕道的，不直接的；转盘路
170.&&& routine
171.&&& row1 n.
（一）排，（一）行 row2 v. 划船
172.&&& royal
173.&&& rubber
n. 橡胶； 合成橡胶
174.&&& rubbish
n. 垃圾； 废物
175.&&& rude a.
无理的, 粗鲁的
176.&&& rugby n.
（英）橄榄球
177.&&& ruin vt.
（使）毁坏；（使） 毁灭 n. (复) 废墟；遗迹come/go to
ruin&& bring sb to ruin
使…破产&&& ruin
one's hope 毁掉…希望
178.&&& rule n.
规则，规定 vt. 统治；支配rule out (=exclude, eliminate)
179.&&& ruler n.
统治者；直尺
180.&&& run
(ran, run) vi. 跑，奔跑；（颜色）褪色A. vi. (1)跑 They came running to meet
us.& (2)行驶 The train was running at 80 miles an
hour.& (3)流 All the rivers will run into the
sea.We mustn’t let the water run to waste.His nose is running all
day because he has a bad cold.B. vt. 管理；经营 They have run six
factories. He runs the school well.C. link v. 变得&
The river began to run dry.& Our food supply is
running low.His blood ran cold at the
news.&& Their money is running
short.The garden was running wild.D.习语run a fever发高烧run after sb./
sth.追求run away逃跑run for…竞选run into…邂逅；偶遇run on滔滔不绝往下说run
out（某物）用完run out of…用完（某物）run short（某物）短缺run short of…短缺（某物）run up
to…合计为；高达run a risk冒险run across…邂逅；偶遇run ahead of…领先于run away
with…带……而逃走run against…邂逅；偶遇；违反run at…袭击；冲向run
over溢出；&&& run
over….过目；浏览run smooth进展顺利run through…花光；用尽；略谈run up迅速成长；（物价）上涨run
upon…邂逅；偶遇
181.&&& rush vi.
1.&&&&&&&&&
2.&&&&&&&&&
sacrifice vt. 牺牲
3.&&&&&&&&&
sad a. （使人）悲伤的
4.&&&&&&&&&
sadness n. 悲哀，忧伤
5.&&&&&&&&&
safe a. 安全的 n. 保险柜
6.&&&&&&&&&
safety n. 安全，保险in safety 安全地&
7.&&&&&&&&&
sail n. 航行 v. 航行，开航
8.&&&&&&&&&
sailing n. 航海
9.&&& sailor n.
水手，海员
＊for the sake of (for the good or advantage of ) 为了…起见
salad n. 色拉（西餐中的一种凉拌菜）
salary n. 薪金，薪水
sale n. 卖，出售be for sale 待售&on sale (=offered to be
sold) 出售, 上市
salesgirl n. 女售货员
salesman n. 男售货员
saleswoman n. 女售货员
salt n. 盐
salty a. 盐的，咸的，含盐的
salute v.& n. 敬礼
same n. 同样的事 a同样的，同一的
sand n. 沙，沙子
sandwich n. 三明治（夹心面包片）
satellite n. 卫星
satisfaction n. 满意
satisfy vt. 满足，使满意be satisfied with 满意&satisfy
one's needs 满足…需要
saucer n. 茶碟，茶托，小圆盘
sausage n. 香肠，腊肠
save vt. 救，挽救，节省
say (said, said) vt. 说，讲
saying n. 说，俗话，谚语
on a large scale 大规模地
scare v scare sb to death 吓死
scarf n. 领巾，围巾
scene n. （戏剧、电影等的）一场，场景，布景on the scene = on the spot 在现场 behind the
scenes 秘密地，幕后地
sceptical a ['skɛptɪkl]&【英】习惯(或倾向于)怀疑的
schedule n &v on schedule(=at the planned or
exacted time)按时,准时;ahead of schedule提前; in advance预先;behind
schedule落后于计划进度,晚于规定时间& &be
schedule for 定在某时(进行)&
school n. 学校
scholar n. 学者
scholarship n. 奖学金
schoolbag n. 书包
schoolboy/girl n
schoolchildren n&
schoolmate n. 同校同学
science n. 科学，自然科学
scientific a. 科学的
scientist n. 科学家
scissors n. 剪刀，剪子
scold vt. 责骂
score n.& v. 得分，分数
scores n. 许多，很多
scratch v&n
scream n. 尖叫
screen n. 幕，荧光屏
sculpture n. 雕塑（术），雕刻（术），雕刻作品，雕像
sea n. 海，海洋in the sea&
在海里&& by sea
乘船&&&&&&
at sea 在海上航行 ,茫然，迷惑(at a loss) I am quite at sea in regard to his
explanation. 他的解释使我如堕雾中
seagull n. 海鸥
seal n. 海豹
seaman n. 水手； 海员
search n.& v. 搜寻，搜查in search of 寻找;in honor of
为了...表示敬意;in memory of 为纪念..;in hopes of为期待..;in pursuit of
为追求..;in behalf of为…的利益;in favor of 为赞成…;in support of 为支持
seashell n. 海贝
seaside n. 海滨
season n. 季；季节in season 旺季
seat n. 座位，座
seaweed n. 海草，海藻，海带
second1 n. 秒 second2 num. 第二 a.第二的be second to ... in ...在…仅次于…
&be second to none 最好
secret n. 秘密，内情in secret 秘密地
secretary n. 秘书；书记
section n. 段，部分，部门
secure v&a
security n
see (saw, seen) vt. 看见，看到；领会；拜会 A. vt. (1)看到；看见 I saw the accident
with my own eyes. I’ve never seen you look so well. Just now I saw
someone going upstairs. When we got there, we saw a house being
built. Last night I saw a dog killed by a car. I’m glad to see all
of you happy. I could see that they need my help.&
*The year 1949 saw the founding of the People’s Republic of
China.(2)看望；接见I went to see a friend of mine last Sunday
afternoon.I’ll be seeing you this evening.(3)了解；明白Now you see what
I mean?He asked to look and see if he missed anything.B. 习语see sb.
home送某人回家see about sth.负责处理……I’ll see about the tickets for the
concert. see…for oneself自己看；体验一下see into…了解；调查see much/a
lot/nothing/little of…常/很少/从不见到see sb. off送行see through…看穿；识破see
sb. through支持某人到底see to sth.处理；料理& There was much
to see to. He has to see to the luggage. see to it that…注意做到；务必要See
to it that you do not fall when
skating.&& as far as I can see
据我所知& see sb. out送某人出门& seeing
that因为，从……一点来看
seed n. 种子
seek vt. 试图； 探寻
seem v. 似乎，好像
seize vt. 抓住(时机等)
seldom ad. 很少，不常
select vt. 选择，挑选，选拔
self n. 自己，自我，自身
sell (sold, sold) v. 卖，售
semicircle n. 半圆
send (sent, sent) v. 打发，派遣；送，邮寄A. vt.(1)寄（信），发（电报） They sent me
some pictures. I have a telegram to send to Bob.(2)（派人）送 Let’s send
the radio there to be repaired. He sent his regards to you.(3)派遣 He
asked to be sent to work in Tibet.(4)使…….变得 The bad news sent him
mad/ out of mind.& The sight of the Red Army sent
the enemy running in all directions.B.习语send for去请send A for B派A
去请B。 send…forth发出 The sun sends forth light and heat.
send…off送行send…out发出（光、热、气味、烟雾等）send…up发射send sb.
away解雇；逐出send…over播出；播送
senior a. 年长的，资深的，高年级的 n. 上级，长辈，高年级生senior to 比…年长; junior to
sense n. 感觉，意识in a sense 在某种意义上&a sense of humour
幽默感&&& moral
sense& 道德感& common
sense& 常识& in a sense
在某种意义上& make& sense
&讲得通，有意义& What you said made
sense. make sense of 弄清楚&& Can
you make sense of what he said?& I sense the
danger. 意识到 There is no sense in doing ... 做…没理由&
there is no point in doing& there is no need to do
sensitive &a. &sensitive to 对…敏感;
sensible (of)觉察到的; &sensational耸人听闻的
sentence n. 句子
separate v. 使分开，使分离a. 单独的，分开的
separately ad. 单独地，各自地
separation n. 分离，隔离
serious a. 严肃的，严重的；认真的
servant n. 仆人，佣人
serve vt. 招待（顾客等），服务serve the people heart and soul
全心全意为人民服务&& Please serve the
coffee now. Dinner is served .饭有供应。 &serve to do =
help to do 有助于干… serve as 充当&&
the bus service
汽车服务&&& free
medical service& 公费医疗
service n. 服务
servicecharge n. 服务费，小费
set n. 装备，设备 vt. 设置（布景，背景）A. vi. 下落 It will be cooler when the sun
has set.B. vt.(1)放置；摆设 She set the dish on the
table.&&& Let’s
set the clock by the radio signal.(2)规定；确定 He set a strict rule for
himself. Have they set the time for the meeting?(3)使某人做事或处在某种状态
With only a few words he set us laughing. What he said set me
thinking. He set all the prisoners free. That set all our doubts at
rest.这消除了我们所有的怀疑。C.习语set about doing sth.= set out to do sth.开始做set
an example做出榜样set…apart拨出；留出& A room has been set
apart for the
purpose.set…aside拨出；积蓄；不理会set…back往回拨；使倒退set…down放下；写下；制定set fire
to sth.= set sth. on fire放火烧set foot
in…进入；踏上set…forth列举；提出；动身；起程set…in order整顿set…loose释放；解开set
off动身set…off燃放（鞭炮、烟花等）；引起set one’s mind/ heart on…下定决心set
out动身；出发set…out列举 He set out his reasons for what he had done.set
sail启航set… to work使开始工作 He set to work at once writing the book. He
set everyone to work together.set…up立起来；成立；修建set…upside
down颠倒过来
100.&&& settle
vi. 安家，定居
settlement n. 新拓居地；（美）部落，村落
102.&&& settler
n. 移居者，开拓者
103.&&& several
pron. 几个，数个 a. 若干
104.&&& severe
105.&&& sew
(sewed, sewn 或sewed) vi. 缝, 缝制；缝补；缝纫
106.&&& sex n.
107.&&& shabby
a. 破旧的，破烂的，衣衫褴褛的
108.&&& shade n.
阴凉处，树荫处
109.&&& shadow
n. 影子, 阴影
110.&&& shake
(shook, &shaken) v. （使）动摇，震动
111.&&& shall
(should) v. aux. （表示将来）将要，会；……好吗
112.&&& shallow
a. 浅的，不深的，肤浅的
113.&&& shame n.
遗憾的事；羞愧 (不可数)& 羞愧,可耻& He hung his
head in shame.& (可数)可耻的人或事 It’s a shame to lie.
遗憾的人或事 (= pity) It’s a shame to treat him like that.adj. shameful
可耻的& a shameful thing ashamed 感到羞耻的She felt
&& adj. shameless
无耻的,不知羞耻的
114.&&& shape n.
形状，外形 v. 使成型，制造，塑造the shape of a triangle
&&三角形& shape
character 塑造…
115.&&& share
vt. 分享，共同使用share in (=have a share in) 分摊, 分担&
&share sth. with
与…分享,分担,分摊,共用&
116.&&& shark n.
117.&&& sharp a.
锋利的，尖的 a sharp knife ,a sharp pencil 尖的铅笔敏锐的 sharp eyes /ears刺骨的a
sharp wind急转的 a sharp turn&& a
sharp drop in
temperature&&&
adv. 整 The meeting started at eight sharp
118.&&& sharpen
v. （使）变锐利，削尖
sharpener &&pencil sharpener n.
削尖用的器具 转笔刀
120.&&& shave
(shaved, shaved 或 shaven) v. 刮（脸，胡子）
121.&&& shaver
n. 电动剃须刀
122.&&& she
123.&&& sheep
(复sheep) n. （绵）羊；羊皮；驯服者 a black sheep
害群之马&& separate the sheep from
the goats 区别好坏
124.&&& sheet n.
成幅的薄片，薄板 get between the sheets
就寝&& 一张& two
sheets of paper
125.&&& shelf (复
shelves) n. 架子；搁板；格层；礁；陆架
126.&&& shelter
n. 掩蔽；隐蔽处
127.&&& shine n.
光泽；光彩；阳光；晴天；光(亮)
128.&&& shine
(shone, shone 或 d, d) v. 发光；照耀；杰出；擦亮
129.&&& ship n.
船，轮船 vi. 用船装运
130.&&& shirt n.
131.&&& shock
vt. 使震惊be shocked at& by 对…感到震惊to one’s
shock&& v. I was shocked at /by
his rudeness.
132.&&& shoe n.
133.&&& shoot1
n. 嫩枝； 苗； 芽 shoot2 (shot, shot) vt. 射击，射中，发射The film was shot in
China .& the shooting star 流星n. shot
射击,开枪& take /have a shot
134.&&& shooting
135.&&& shop vi.
买东西 n. 商店，车间
shopkeeper n. 店主，零售商人
137.&&& shopping
138.&&& shore n.
139.&&& short a.
短的；矮的fall short of 达不到& go short of (=be without
enough of) 缺乏& for short (in a short form)
为简便,简称& &in short (=in a few
words, in brief)简称& in short supply
供应不足& be short of (=lacking
enough)缺乏,不够&
shortcoming n. 缺点，短处
141.&&& shortly
142.&&& shorts
n. 短裤；运动短裤
143.&&& shot n.
射击，开枪，开炮，射击声；子弹
144.&&& should
v. mod. 应当，应该，会 v. aux. 会，应该（shall的过去时态）
145.&&& shoulder
n. 肩膀；（道路的）路肩shoulder by shoulder& 肩并肩
146.&&& shout
n.& v. 喊，高声呼喊 at/to sb.
147.&&& show n.
展示，展览（会）；演出 A. vt. (1)拿给人看& Show me your ticket,
please!&& Can you show me a
bigger one?(2)说明；表明 Her eyes showed that she was
lying.&& Show us how to use this
machine. That shows how ignorant we are.(3)表现；显露 He showed courage
in face of danger.(4)放映；展出 A new film is being shown at this
cinema.(5)带领 Show them in,
please.&&& I’ll
show you into my room.B.习语show off炫耀；表现自己 This guy likes showing
off.show…off炫耀 I don’t like the way he shows off his knowledge.show
one’s face 露面show oneself出席；显露出来 His anger showed itself in his
voice.show up出现；出席show…up暴露，揭露This only served to show up their
148.&&& show
(showed, shown 或 showed) v. 给…看，出示，显示be on show
展览&& show sb. around 参观show off
&&show up 出席,到场
149.&&& shower
n. 阵雨； 淋浴 have / take a shower 沐浴
150.&&& shrink
(shrank,shrunk/shrunk,shrunken) v
151.&&& shut
(shut, shut) v. n. 关上，封闭；禁闭； shut up
闭嘴&&& shut down
关闭(工厂,商店等)
shuttle合拢 （往返与两个定点之间的）（火车、汽车、飞机）班车/机
153.&&& shy a.
害羞的 sick a. 有病的，患病的；（想）呕吐be shy of 难为情, 不好意思&
154.&&& sickness
n. 疾病 be /fall sick&&
生病&&& sick
155.&&& side n.
边，旁边，面，侧面at the side of 与…相比&
take the side of 站在…一边&
156.&&& sideroad
n 岔路，旁路
157.&&& sidewalk
（美）人行道 (英pavement)
158.&&& sideway
n. 岔路，旁路 (=sideroad)
159.&&& sideways
ad. 斜向一边的
160.&&& sigh vi.
叹息； 叹气
161.&&& sight n.
情景，风景；视力catch the sight of (=see for a moment)瞥见&
at the sight of 一看见…& &(be)in
sight (=in view, visible) 看得见& out of sight
看不见& know sb. by sight 与…只面熟&
sightseeing n. 游览，观光
163.&&& sign n.
符号，标记, 招牌，迹象& a sign of danger
&&advertising signs
广告牌& traffic signs& Dark clouds
are the sign of rain.& He showed no sign of
leaving.&&& sign
one’s name& 签名
164.&&& signal
n. 信号，暗号traffic signals& 交通信号 v.&
signal the ship to turn back
signature n. 签名
significance &[siɡnifikəns] n意义, 意思,重要性
167.&&& silence
n. 安静，沉默 in silence& vt.使安静，使沉默 The arrival of the
teacher silenced the class.adj.silent 沉默的;寂静的
;静止的&&& keep
silent&&&&
a silent volcano静止的火山不发音的 The “t” is silent& in
“often”.
168.&&& silk n.
（蚕）丝，丝织品 silky &Silk Route 丝绸之路&
silkworm 蚕
169.&&& silly a.
傻的，愚蠢的
170.&&& silver
171.&&& similar
a. 相似的，像 simple a. 简单的，简易的be similar to…in在…和…相似My car is similar
to that one in colour.
simplea. 纯朴的；简单的
173.&&& simply
ad. 简单地，（加强语气）的确I simply can’t believe it.
(really)&& It was simply a
question of time.
174.&&& since
ad. 从那时以来 conj. 从……以来，……以后，由于 prep. 从……以来
sincerely ad. 真诚地
176.&&& sing
(sang, sung) v. 唱，唱歌
177.&&& singer
n. 歌唱家，歌手
178.&&& single
a. 单一的，单个的
179.&&& sink n.
洗涤槽；污水槽
180.&&& sink
(sank, sunk) vi. 下沉； 消沉
181.&&& sir n.
先生；阁下
182.&&& sister
sister-in-law n. 嫂，弟媳
184.&&& sit
(sat, sat) vi. 坐
situation n. 形势，情况in / under a difficult situation
186.&&& size n.
尺寸，大小
187.&&& skate
vi. 溜冰，滑冰
skateboard n. 冰鞋，滑板
189.&&& ski
n.& vi. 滑雪板；滑雪
190.&&& skil
&n. 技能，技巧
191.&&& skilled
&a. 熟练的； 有技能的
192.&&& skillful
&a. 熟练的，精湛的；灵巧的
( in)& She's not very skillful
at using chopsticks
skillfully &ad. 精湛地，巧妙地
194.&&& skin
&n. 皮，皮肤；兽皮
195.&&& skip
&v. 蹦蹦跳跳；跳绳
196.&&& skipping
rope （跳绳用）绳
197.&&& skirt
sky& n. 天；天空
skyscraper &n. 摩天楼
200.&&& slave
201.&&& slavery
&n. 奴隶制度
202.&&& sleep
203.&&& sleep
(slept, slept) &vi. 睡觉
sleepy& a. 想睡的，困倦的，瞌睡的
205.&&& sleeve
&n. 袖子，袖套
206.&&& slice
&n. 片，切面（薄）片
207.&&& slide
&n. 幻灯片，滑道 v. 滑行，滑动
208.&&& slight
&a. 轻微的，细小的
209.&&& slim
&a. 苗条的，纤细的
210.&&& slip
&n. 片，条，纸片，纸条
211.&&& slow
&ad. 慢慢地，缓慢地
212.&&& small
&a. 小的，少的
213.&&& smart
&a. 灵巧的，伶俐的（人、服装等）时髦的，帅的
214.&&& smell
&n. 气味smell of 有…的气味
215.&&& smell
(smelt, smelt 或 -ed,-ed) v. 嗅，闻到；发气味
smell/feel/sound/taste/look& + adj.
闻/摸/听/尝/看起来…
216.&&& smelly
&a. 有臭味的，发出臭味的
217.&&& smile
&n.& v. 微笑
218.&&& smog
&n. 烟雾(= smoke + fog)
219.&&& smoke
&n. 烟 v. 冒烟；吸烟 &end (up)in
smoke 成为泡影，化为乌有adj. smoky 冒烟的，烟熏的
220.&&& smoker
&n. 吸烟者
221.&&& smoking
&n. 吸烟，抽烟；冒烟
222.&&& smooth
&a. 光滑的，平坦的 顺利的 adv. Smoothly
&vi. smooth away 消除障碍，困难等 e.g&
We’ll be able to smooth . smooth away these difficulties.
223.&&& snake
&n. 蛇 v. 蛇般爬行；蜿蜒行进
224.&&& sneaker
n. （复）轻便运动鞋（美）
225.&&& sneeze
227.&&& snow n.
雪 vi. 下雪
228.&&& snowy a.
雪(白)的；下雪的；多(积)雪的
229.&&& so ad.
如此，这么；非常；同样 conj. 因此，所以 &so + adj./adv. +
that…&& such + n. +
that…& 如此…以致于，引导结果状从，可省that。so that 引起目的状从，常和may
,can, will 连用,that 可省，e.g Check carefully so(that) any mistake will
be caught. They were so tired (that) they could do nothing but
yawn(打呵欠) . so as （ not） to& 为了
&so far 迄今为止&&
and so on /and so forth& 等等&
as/so long as 只要& be so kind /good （ as） to
劳驾& Would you be so kind to help me? and
虽然如此&& How so? 怎么搞的? 怎么会这样呢?if so
要是那样的话, 在那种情况下&& or
so& 大约, 左右, 将近&&
three years or so, so far as& 就...而论,
在...的范围内& as far as I know, just so-so.
230.&&& soap n.
231.&&& sob
n.& v. 抽泣，啜泣
232.&&& soccer
n.英式足球
233.&&& social
a. 社会的；社交的
socialism n. 社会主义 n. society 社会socialist
construction&
社会主义建设&& adj.
社会的&&& social
welfare 社会福利
socialist &a. 社会主义的
236.&&& society
237.&&& sock n.
短袜，中统袜&&&&
stockings& 长袜
238.&&& socket
239.&&& sofa
&n. （长）沙发
240.&&& soft
&a. 软的，柔和的
241.&&& softball
242.&&& software
243.&&& soil
&n. 土壤，土地
244.&&& solar
245.&&& soldier
&n. 士兵，战士
246.&&& solid
&a. 结实的，固体的 n. 固体
247.&&& some
&a. 一些，若干；有些；某一，pron. 若干，一些
248.&&& somebody
&pron. 某人；有人；有名气的人
249.&&& someone
&pron. 某一个人
something &pron. 某事；某物
sometimes &ad. 有时
somewhere &ad. 在某处
253.&&& son
254.&&& song
&n. 歌唱；歌曲
255.&&& soon
&ad. 不久，很快，一会儿just as soon do sth = would rather
do sth 宁愿&& had no sooner ...
than ...一...就... The sooner, the better! 越快[早]越好! soon
after不久之后,稍后
256.&&& sorrow
&n. 悲伤，悲痛
257.&&& sorry
&a. &对不起，抱歉；难过的be sorry about
/for 懊悔的,后悔的,难过的
258.&&& sort
&vt. 把……分类，拣选 n. 种类，类别& all sorts
of& =& all kinds of
&v.分类 sort out 整理 sort out a drawer 整理抽屉
259.&&& so
-so& &a. 一般；不怎么样；凑合
260.&&& soul
&n. 灵魂；心灵；气魄 body and soul
肉体和灵魂&&&&
heart and soul 全部心思
261.&&& sound
&vi. 听起来；发出声音n. 声音
嗓音&&&&&&
noise 噪音 adj.健康的，健全的safe and sound 安然无恙
262.&&& soup n.
263.&&& sour
264.&&& south
&a. 南(方)的；向南的；从南来的 ad. 在南方；向南方；自南方 n.
南；南方；南风；南部
southeast &n. 东南
266.&&& southern
&a. 南部的，南方的
southwest &n. 西南
268.&&& souvenir
&n. （旅游）纪念品，纪念物
269.&&& sow
(sowed, sown 或 -ed) vt. 播种
270.&&& space
spaceship &n. 宇宙飞船
272.&&& spade
&n. 铲子；纸牌中的黑桃
273.&&& spare
&a. 空闲的，多余的，剩余的in one’s spare /free time 备用的 a
spare tyre 备用轮胎 vt.匀出，抽出spare a ticket for
me&& spare no efforts/expense
不遗余力/不惜费用 使免受痛苦；不伤害；宽恕& spare sb.
from& 使sb.免受痛苦 Take the money but spare my life
.把钱拿去，饶我一命& We should spare no effort to beautify
our environment.我们应该不遗余力地美化我们的环境
274.&&& speak
(spoke, spoken) v. 说，讲；谈话；发言 A. vi.说；发言 He spoke with me about his
childhood.& He was too hurt to speak to us. I’ve
never spoken of these things to anyone before. He spoke at the
meeting yesterday. Actions speaks louder than words. She spoke in
broken English.B. vt.说 She speaks good
French.&& Trust me that I am
speaking the truth.C.习语speak for…代表……说话；为……辩护 I can only speak for
myself.speak out大胆讲出来speak out against…发言反对 He spoke out against
what he thought was unjust.speak up坦率说出自己的看法；说话大声些speak
highly/well/much/ill/badly
of…称赞/非议generally/strictly/broadly/roughly/frankly speaking=to
speak generally, etc.一般来说，严格地讲，广义地讲，严格地讲，老实地说be spoken of
as…被说成为nothing to speak of…不值一说；没有说的价值
275.&&& speaker
&n. 演讲人，演说家
276.&&& spear
&n. 矛，枪，梭镖
277.&&& special
&a. 特别的，专门的
specialist &n.（医学）专家，专科医生；专家；专业人员
279.&&& speech
&n. 演讲give /deliver/make a speech 做报告，演讲[u]说话能力
Man is the only animal that has the power of
adj. speechless 无言的
280.&&& specific
281.&&& speed
&n. 速度 v. （使）加速 speed up 加速 with all speed 全速
speed limit 车速限制at a speed of eighty miles an hour
&at full/top speed
282.&&& spell
283.&&& spelling
&n. 拼写，拼读
284.&&& spend
(spent, spent) v. 度过；花费（钱、时间等） &sb. spend
time/money on
&sb. spend time/money in doing
sth.& ＊ 花费take& it/sth.
takes& sb. some time& to do
cost &sth. cost sb.
time/money& ＊使失去生命，健康等 Careless driving cost him
285.&&& spin
&v.& n. 纺，（使）快速旋转；旋转，旋转运动
286.&&& spirit
&n. 精神 the spirit of the age /times
时代精神in high spirits = in a good mood
spiritual &a. 精神的； 心灵的
288.&&& spit
&v. 吐唾沫；吐痰
289.&&& in spite
of =despite&= regardless of尽管,不管，不顾In spite of
what you have said, I still believe he is honest
290.&&& splendid
&a. 灿烂的，辉煌的；（口语）极好的
291.&&& split
&v. 撕开； 切开
292.&&& spoken
&a. 口语的
spokesman/woman (pl spokesmen/spokeswomen)
294.&&& sponsor
&n主办, 倡议 The exhibition was sponsored by the
Society of Culture.
295.&&& spoon
&n. 匙, 调羹
296.&&& spoonful
&n. 一匙（的量）
297.&&& sport
&n. 体育运动，锻炼；(复，英)运动会 a sports meeting
/meet& have sports
参加体育运动&&&
&sports car&&
298.&&& spot
&n. 斑点，污点；场所，地点 v. 沾上污渍，弄脏 on the pot(=at the
place of the action)在现场, 在出事地点; 或(=at once)&
299.&&& spray
&n. v. 水雾，喷雾（器） 喷洒
300.&&& spread
&v. 延伸； 展开 spread the news
&vi.传开，蔓延&& Word
spread quickly about the
accident.&& ＊ spread
oneself舒展身体，伸展四肢
spring& &n. 春天，春季 spring2 n. 泉水，泉
，弹簧a hot spring 温泉& v. 弹跳&
e.g He sprang to his feet. 他一跃而起。spring up
出现,迅速长出&& e.g A doubt sprang up
in her mind .他心中产生了怀疑。 &
302.&&& spy
&n. 密探，间谍 v. 侦探，刺探
303.&&& square
&n. 广场 a. 平方的；方形的，宽而结实的（体格，肩膀）
304.&&& squeeze
305.&&& squirrel
306.&&& stadium
&n. （露天）体育场
307.&&& staff
308.&&& stage
&n. 舞台；阶段 in the early stage 早期 on the
stage在舞台上
309.&&& stain
stainless &a &
311.&&& stair
&n. 楼梯a flight of stairs&
312.&&& stamp
313.&&& stand
&n. 站；立；停止；立场；地位；台；坛；摊
stand (stood, stood) v. 站；立；起立；坐落；经受；持久 A. vi.
(1)站& Come and sit by my side if you love
me.(2)立于& The house stands between the two large
trees.& There stood a strange man right behind
me.B. vt. (1)放Stand the ladder against the wall.
(2)忍受& If you can’t stand the heat, get out of the
kitchen.C.习语They all stood against the war.& stand
at attention/ease立正/稍息stand behind sb. 支持take a stand against
采取某种立场反对& take a stand for 采取某种立场支持…stand
by支持；袖手旁观；准备行动 We’ll stand by you through thick and
thin我们在任何情况下都支持你. You mustn’t stand by and do nothing about
it.stand for…代表，表示；主张 X often stands for an unknown number. We
stand for self-reliance（自力更生）.stand on one’s own feet依靠自己stand
out突出；显著 Her talent stood out in comparison with the others.stand
aside站开；不参与；靠边站stand back向后退stand still站住；停顿stand up站起；起立
314.&&& standard
n. & a. 标准（的） the living standard 生活标准 moral
standards 道德准则standard English& 标准英语
315.&&& star
&n. 星，恒星the North /Polar star&
316.&&& stare
&vi. 盯，凝视stare at 目不转睛地看, 凝视, 盯着
317.&&& start
&v. 开始，着手；出发start doing sth. /start to do sth.
starvation &n. 饥饿； 饿死
319.&&& starve
&v. 饿& starve to death 饿死
320.&&& state
&n. 状态； 情形；国家，（美国的）州& the
United States& vt.陈诉，声明The Prime Minister stated
his views on the subject.
statement &n.&
statesman/statewoman (pl statesmen/stateswomen)
statistics &n.
324.&&& statue
325.&&& status
326.&&& station
&n. 站，所，车站；电台
327.&&& stay
&n.& vi. 停留，逗留，呆stay at home
&&link.v. (联系动词) 保持某种状态
The window stayed open all the night. stay up
328.&&& steady
&a. 稳固的； 平稳的
329.&&& steak
&n. 牛排，肉排，鱼排
330.&&& steal
(stole, stolen) vt. 偷, 窃取 steal sth. from sb./ rob sb. of sth.
331.&&& steam
&n. 汽，水蒸气
332.&&& steel
&n. 钢，钢铁& iron and steel 钢铁
333.&&& steep
&a. 险峻的； 陡峭的
334.&&& step
&n. 脚步，台阶，梯级 vi. 走； 跨步in step 步伐一致; out of step
步伐不齐Watch your steps! 当心step forward& 向前走
&take steps to do sth (take action, take
measures)& Steps must be taken to preserve the
335.&&& steward
&n.