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TPO26口语Task4题目文本及答案解析
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　　TPO26口语Task4题目文本及答案解析，TPO26口语task4题目、托福TPO26口语task4答案解析、托福TPO26口语task4范文。更多TPO口语题目文本及答案解析(独立口语+综合口语)尽在新东方在线频道！　　托福TPO26口语task4题目 Reading Part:　　Epiphytes　　In rainforests, the canopy produced by the upper layer of branches may be so dense that few plants can grow on the shady ground below. Even so, many plants have adapted to life in the rain forest, developing fascinating strategies for survival. For example, various species known as epiphytes use a host plant as a platform for growth.Although epiphytes grow on a host tree, they take no nutrients from the tree itself.Attached to the tree, sometimes 30 or 40 meters high, these aerial plants have access to sunlight but not to nutrients from the soil below. As a result, they have developed unusual mechanisms that have allowed them to overcome this problem.　　托福TPO26口语task4题目 Listening Part:　　Now listen to part of a lecture from a biology class.　　(male professor)　　OK, so a good example of this type of plant, common to the rainforest, is the Urn plant. The Urn plant wraps its roots around the branches of the trees or sometimes around the trunk near the upper part of the tree. They use the tree for support and this allows them to reside high in the trees, in the canopy, where they can get plenty of sunlight.　　Now, the Urn plant has a unique shape. It got its name because of the formation of its leaves creates a kind of urn or bowl where it can store water. The Urn plant has rather long stiff spiky leaves. The leaves are slightly overlapping and are tightly rolled into a kind of cone shape or a funnel shape. Its flowers are held on a single stem in the center. Anyway, as I mentioned, the arrangement o f the leaves forms a kind of receptacle or bowl at the base so that it is rainwater collects on the leaves it rolls down into the bowl where it can be stored.　　OK, so its unique shape helps it gather and store water. It also helps to gather other nutrients. This is because insects, dead leaves from other plants or other debris land on the leaves and then get washed down into the stored water. Gradually they decompose. The chemical break-down creates a nitrogen-rich food source in the stored water. So, the water supply contains a kind of liquid fertilizer that can be released to the plant whenever it needs the food.　　托福TPO26口语task4题目 Question:　　Using the example of the Urn plant, explain how epiphytes have adapted to life in the rain forest.　　托福TPO26口语task4答案解析：　　本题阅读部分比较抽象，没有非常明确的definition及其解释，因此我们需要根据题目最后提的问题抽象出阅读部分的大意。　　托福TPO26口语task4范文：　　The urn plant wraps its roots around the branches of the trees or sometimes around the trunk near the upper part of the tree. They use the trees for support. And this allows them to reside high in the trees, in the canopy, where they can get plenty of sunlight.Now, the urn plant has an unique shape, and it helps the urn plant gather and store water, it also helps it to gather other nutrients. This is because insects, dead leaves from other plants or other debris land on the leaves and then get washed down into the stored water. Gradually, they decompose so that the water supply contains a kind of liquid fertilizer, that can be released to the plant whenever it needs it.
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TPO1口语Task4题目文本及答案解析
17:28:49 来源：新东方在线论坛
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　　TPO1口语Task4题目文本及答案解析，TPO1口语task4题目、TPO1口语task4答案解析、托福TPO1口语task4范文。更多TPO口语题目文本及答案解析(独立口语+综合口语)尽在新东方在线频道！　　托福TPO1口语task4题目 Reading Part:　　Groupthink　　One process by which groups may make bad or irrational decisions is known as groupthink. Individual members of a group attempt to conform their opinions to what they believe to be the group consensus even though the result may be negative. There are many reasons why groupthink happens. These include the desire to be liked,fear of losing a job, or even not wanting to be the one employee delaying a decision that seems inevitable. These kinds of implicit pressures to conform lead group members to ultimately make decisions that each, by himself or herself, might normally not make.　　托福TPO1口语task4题目 Listening Part:　　Now listen to part of a lecture on this topic in a business management class.　　(male professor)　　So, let me tell you about my own experiences when I was working for a computer company a couple of years ago.　　So, one day a co-worker and I suggested we should give our computers a design make-over: make them look more up-to-date. Market research was showing that new customers said they would be more interested in buying our computers if they looked cooler. Our technology was advanced but the outside design looked really old-fashioned.　　At first, more than half the group supported us. There were a few senior managers here who didn’t support the design change. One o f the senior manager said, “Our focus has always been on technology, changing the look is an unnecessary cost.”　　Almost immediately, some of our supporters changed their minds! Even my co-worker changed his mind! When I asked him why after the meeting, he told me he didn’t want to make a bad impression on the senior managers. He thought that disagreeing with them might jeopardize his chances of getting a promotion by not looking like a team-player.　　What about me? I hate to admit it, but, after a few hours of discussion, I started wondering if it was worth everyone’s time to argue about this? As more people sided with the senior management, I started to feel that I was the only one holding up the vote. Everyone else seemed to think change wasn’t necessary. I voted against my own idea in the end.　　So we unanimously decided to stay with the current old-looking design. But this decision ended up costing us a lot of money. That same year, our competitor came out with a new design that attracted some of our customers and prevented us from profiting from new customers.　　托福TPO1口语task4题目 Question:　　Explain groupthink and its effects. Using the example of the computer company.　　托福TPO1口语task4答案解析：　　1. Reading keys　　(1.1)Term: groupthink　　(1.2)Definition: sometimes people make bad or irrational decision within a group　　(1.3)Why do we do it?　　(1.3.1) Desire to be liked, fear of losing a job　　(1.3.2) Not wanting to be the only one that’s holding up the vote　　2. Listening keys　　(2.1)Professor and coworker wanted to change the look of their computer　　(2.2)Manager disagreed　　(2.3)Coworker changed his mind　　(2.3.1) Did not want to leave a bad impression on the managers　　(2.4)Professor changed his mind as well　　(2.4.1) Did not want to be the only one that’s holding up the vote　　(2.5)They were all wrong　　(2.5.1) A competitor came out with a new design that attracted many costumers　　托福TPO1口语task4范文：　　The professor talks about groupthink which means sometimes people would make a bad decision as a group. In the example, the professor and his co-worker thought they need to change the look of their computers, but managers disagreed. So his co-worker changed his mind because he didn't want to leave a bad impression on the managers by not looking like a team player. In the end, the professor changed his mind too, because he didn't want to be the only person that’s holding up the vote. But they were all wrong, the same year, a competitor came out with a new design that attracted many of their customers.
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　　TPO11口语Task4题目文本及答案解析，TPO11口语task4题目、TPO11口语task4答案解析、托福TPO11口语task4范文。更多TPO口语题目文本及答案解析(独立口语+综合口语)尽在新东方在线频道！　　托福TPO11口语task4题目 Reading Part:　　Outsider Art　　Outsider Art is a term used to describe art that is made by people who choose to live and work outside society. The artists who produce this kind of art-Outsider Artists-work in isolation from other artists and have little or no formal artistic training. Because they do not learn conventional artistic techniques from teachers or other artists, Outsider Artists must invent their own ways of doing things. As a result of the unconventional methods that Outsider Artists often use, their work can look strange and not at all like traditional art to the observer.　　托福TPO11口语task4题目 Listening Part:　　Now listen to part of a lecture in an Art History class.　　(professor) All right, so let’s consider the works of outsider artist Henry Dodger. Dodger lived by himself in a tiny apartment in Chicago in the 1900s. He had no friends and spent all his spare time their alone creating hundreds of paintings and drawings. He had never formally studied art and kept his work completely private, so no one ever saw it or responded to it during his life time.　　And so, when you see Dodger ’s work you notice how unique it is. It doesn't remind you of anything you've ever seen before. It’s very much his own. For example, one piece, it’s a water-color painting, in this piece he illustrates a story, about the adventure of seven children. But see, Dodger had a really hard time drawing human figures. Yet he managed to come up with his own rather unique solution for the problem. He simply cut out pictures of children from newspapers and magazines and pasted them into his own painted illustrations of trees, flowers and grass.　　The results look, um, a little strange. Dodger ’s picture looks more cluttered , more crowded with details than the pictures of other artists, because its entire surface is painted and there are no spaces left empty. It’s also a lot longer than pictures of most other artists, about nine feet long.　　托福TPO11口语task4题目 Question:　　Explain why Henry Dodger is considered an Outsider Artist.　　托福TPO11口语task4答案解析：　　1. Reading key　　(1.1) Term: Outsider Arts　　(1.2) Definition: outsider arts are the ones created by outsider artist who lives and works in isolation　　2. Listening key　　(2.1) Henry Darger lived and worked by himself, no one saw or responded to his work while he was alive　　(2.2) He has trouble drawing human figures because the lack of traditional training　　(2.3) He’s solution was to cut out pictures of children from newspaper and magazines and pasted them on his painting　　(2.4) The result looked strange and unusual　　(2.5) His works are crowded with details because no space was left empty, it’s also longer than other people’s works　　托福TPO11口语task4范文：　　In the lecture, the professor talks about the works of outsider artist Henry Darger. Darger lived and worked by himself in a Chicago apartment, no one saw or responded to his work while he was alive, and his works are very unique. Because Darger never received any proper training, he had difficulty painting human figures, his solution was to cut out pictures of people from newspapers and magazines and pasted them onto his painting. As a result, his work sometimes look strange. Also, because his works are filled with details, they look rather crowded. It’s also a lot longer than the works of most other artists, sometimes nine feet long.
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