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A473 不锈钢锻件标准规范
TABLE1ChemicalRequirementsA
UNSDesig-nationB
TypeNum-ber
Manga-nese,%
Phos-pho-rus,%
Silicon,%AusteniticGrades
SSSSSSSSSSSSSS34800
XM-10XM-11...303Se308...310S...
0.150.150.12–0.250.080.040.150.150.150.150.150.080..100.200.080.250.080...080.08
5.5–7.57.5–10.014.0–15.58.0–10.08.0–10.017.0–19.02.002.002.002.002.002.002.002.000.802.002.002.002.001.002.002.002.002.002.002.00
0.00.50.0.200.50.50.50.50.50.
0.00.00.min0.060.00.00.00.00.00.
1.001.001.001.001.001.001.002.00–3.001.001.001.001.001.001.001.40–2.001.001.001.501.500.801.50–3.001.001.001.001.001.001.00
16.0–18.017.0–19.016.5–18.019.0–21.519.0–21.517.0–19.017.0–19.017.0–19.017.0–19.017.0–19.018.0–20.018.0–20.017.0–19.019.0–21.020.0–22.022.0–24.022.0–24.024.0–26.024.0–26.019.5–20.523.0–26.016.0–18.016.0–18.018.0–20.017.0–19.017.0–19.017.0–19.0
3.5–5.54.0–6.01.00–1.755.5–7.55.5–7.5...8.0–10.08.0–10.08.0–10.08.0–10.08.0–10.58.0–12.010.5–13.010.0–12.010.0–12.012.0–15.012.0–15.019.0–22.019.0–22.017.5–18.519.0–22.010.0–14.010.0–14.011.0–15.09.0–12.09.0–13.09.0–13.0
...............0.75–1.25
......0.60C..............................6.0–6.5...2.00–3.002.00–3.003.0–4.0......
0.250.250.32–0.400.15–0.400.15–0.400.40–0.600.10.........0.100.10......0.14–0.20
............0.18–0.22
...0.100.100.10......
Molyb-denum,%
Nitro-gen,%
OtherElements,
Cu0.75–1.25
Ce0.03–0.08
Cu0.50–1.00
Ti53CminCb+Ta103C,
minCb+Ta103C,
minTa0.10Co0.20
Austenitic-FerriticGrades
0.040.0300.03
1.501.002.00
1.001.000.60FerriticGrades
24.0-27.024.0–26.026.0–29.0
4.5-6.56.0–8.03.5–5.2
2.9-3.93.0–4.01.00–2.50
0.10-0.250.20–0.300.15–0.35
Cu1.50–2.50Cu0.50–1.00W0.50–1.00
SSSF430FSe.120.120.120.201.001.001.001.251.251.500.00.060.060.00.0300.15min0.060..001.001.001..514.0–16.016.0–18.016.0–18.016.0–18.023.0–27.00.600.750.750.750.750.75.........0.60C.....................0.25
A10.10–0.30
MartensiticGrades
SSSSSSS44004
0.150.150.080.150.050.050.150.15Over0.150.200.60–0.750.75–0.950.95–1.201.001.001.001.000.50–1.000.5–1.01.251.251.001.001.001.001.000.00.00.060.060.00.00.00.min0.060.00.1.001.001.000.500.601.001.001.001.001.001.001..011.5–13.511.5–13.511.5–13.512.0–15.011.5–14.012.0–14.012.0–14.012.0–14.015.0–17.016.0–18.016.0–18.016.0–18.0...0.750.751.25–2.504.0–7.03.5–5.5.........1.25–2.50
.....................1.50–2.000.40–0.800.60C.........0.750.750.75............0.06–0.12
........................
............Cu0.30
Maximum,unlessrangeorminimumisindicated.
NewdesignationestablishedinaccordancewithPracticeE527andSAEJ1086.C
Atmanufacturer’reportedonlywhenintentionallyadded.D
%Cr+3.33%Mo+163%N$40.E
Wroughtversionof
TABLE2MechanicalPropertyRequirements
YieldStrength,
min,ksi(MPa)A
AusteniticGrades
201,302,302B,303,303SE,305,308,309,309S,310,310S,314,317,321,347,
304and316,Sections5in.(127mm)andUnder
304and316,SectionsOver5in.(127mm)304Land316LXM-10andXM-11SS31254
AAAAAAAAAA
30(205)45(310)50(345)30(205)(205)(170)(345)(415)(310)(300)
75(515)90(620)90(620)75(515)70(485)65(450)90(620)110(760)87(600)95(650)
..............................
TensileStrength,
min,ksi(MPa)
Elongationin2in.(50mm)or4D,min%
ReductionofArea,min,%
BrinellHardnessNumber,max
Austenitic-FerriticGrades
80(550)70(480)80(550)
FerriticGrades
430F,430FSE,
)(205)(240)(240)
70(485)60(415)65(450)70(485)
109(750)100(690)109(750)
MartensiticGrades
403,410,416,416SE410S414
normalizedandtempered
4035.........90135...
(275)(240)...(620)(690)(825)(620)......(620)(930)...
70(485)65(450)......115(795)125(860)95(655)115(795)............115(795)175(1210)......
22.........1513...
4545..................
440A,440B,440C
Yieldstrengthshallbedeterminedbythe0.2%offsetmethodinaccordancewithTestMethodsandDefinitionsA370.Analternativemethodofdeterminingyieldstrengthmaybeusedbasedonatotalextensionunderloadof0.5%.B
Type431forgingsofdesignationA,whenspecified,shallbecapableofmeetingtheabovemechanicalpropertyrequirementsofdesignationTafteroilquenchingfrom°F(980to1038°C)andtemperingatnotlessthan1100°F(595°C),ordesignationHwhenoilquenchedfrom°F(°C)andtemperedatnotmorethan700°F
5.5Thegrainsizeshallbeasfineaspracticableandprecautionsshallbetakentominimizegraingrowth.6.HeatTreatment
6.1ExceptforS31254,theausteniticsteelsshallreceiveasolutionheattreatment,consistingofheatingthematerialtoaminimumtemperatureof1900°F(1040°C),followedbycool-ingrapidlyinairorwater.
6.2S31254shallreceiveasolutionheattreatment,consist-ingofheatingthematerialtoaminimumtemperatureof2100°F(1150°C)followedbycoolingrapidlyinairorwater.6.3Whenspecified,Types347,348,and321shallreceiveastabilizationheattreatmentinadditiontothesolutionheattreatmentspecifiedin6.1,whichshallconsistofholdingtheforgingsat°F(845to955°C)for1hforeachinchofsectionthicknesswithaminimumholdingtimeof2h,followedbyair-coolingorwaterquenching.Thestabilizationheattreatmentisnotusuallyspecified,unlessthesesteelsareintendedforseverelycorrosiveenvironmentsinthetempera-turerangefrom800to1600°F(425to870°C).Whenspecified,thestabilizationheattreatmentshallbethefinalheattreatmentandmaybeperformedbeforemachining.
6.4S32950shallreceiveanannealingtreatment,consistingofheatingthematerialtoatemperatureof1825°F(995°C)to1875°F(1025°C)foranappropriatetimefollowedbywaterquenchingorrapidcoolingbyothermeans.
6.5S32760shallreceiveanannealingtreatmentconsistingofheatingthematerialtoaminimumtemperatureof2010°F(1100°C),followedbywaterquenchingorrapidcoolingbyothermeans.
6.6Theferriticgradesshallbeproperlyannealed:
6.7ExceptforS41425andS41500,themartensiticgradesshallbeannealed,orhardenedandtemperedasspecified.Liquidquenchingshallbepermittedonlybyagreementwiththepurchaser.
6.8ForS41425,heatto1700°F(925°C)minimumandholdfor1hattemperatureminimum.Aircooltobelow90°F(32°C)andtemperat1100°F(595°C)minimumfor1h/in.ofcross-sectionalthicknessminimum.
6.9ForS41500heatto1750°F(955°C)minimum,aircoolto200°F(95°C)orlowerpriortoanyoptionalintermediatetemperandpriortothefinaltemper.Thefinaltempershallbebetween1050°F(565°C)and1150°F(620°C).
6.10Types420,440A,440B,and440Cshouldbeusedbythepurchaserinthehardenedandtemperedcondition.Inresponsetoheattreatment,thesematerialsshallbecapableofmeetingtheminimumhardnessrequirementsasspecifiedinTable3.
6.11TypeS32550shallreceiveanannealingtreatmentconsistingofheatingthematerialtoaminimumtemperatureof1940°F(1060°C),followedbywaterquenchingofrapidcoolingbyothermeans.
7.ChemicalComposition
7.1ThesteelshallconformtotherequirementsforchemicalcompositionspecifiedinTable1.
7.2MethodsandpracticesrelatingtochemicalanalysisrequiredbythisspecificationshallbeinaccordancewithMethods,Practices,andTerminologyA751.
8.MechanicalPropertiesRequirements
8.1ThematerialshallconformtotheroomtemperaturemechanicalrequirementsspecifiedinTable2.
8.2Insteadoftensiontests,hardnessrequirements,inac-cordancewithTable2,maybespecifiedbythepurchaserfortheferriticandthemartensiticsteels.
8.3Themartensiticgradesshallbecapableofmeetingthehardnessrequirements,afterheattreating,asspecifiedinTable3.
9.MagneticPermeability
9.1Whenrequiredbythepurchaseorder,themagneticpermeabilityofTypes201and205intheannealedconditionshallnotexceed1.2astestedbyaSevern-typeindicator.10.ProlongationsforTests
10.1SubjecttoSections10and12,theforgingsshallbeproducedwithprolongationsfortesting,unlessotherwisespecified.Theproducermayelecttosubmitanextraforgingto
TABLE3ResponsetoHeatTreatment
HeatTreatmentBHardnessType
UNSTemperatureQuenchant
HRC,°F(°C)min403S5)Air750(955)Air35
410SS5)Oil25max414S5)Oil750(955)Air35416SeS5)Air825(955)Air875(1020)Oil4875(1020)Air5875(1020)Oil56440C
Samplesfortestingshallbeintheformofasectionnotexceeding3/8in.(9.50min)inthickness.B
Temperaturetoleranceis625°F
representeachtestlotinsteadofprolongations,orthetestspecimenscanbetakenfromtheforgingsthemselves.11.NumberofTests
11.1Forallclassesofforgingsweighingfromlb(kg)each,atleastonetensiontestshallbemadefromeachforging.Also,onemagneticpermeabilitytestmustbemadewhenspecifiedonthecustomerorder.
11.2Forallclassesofforgingsweighingmorethan7000lbeach,onetensiontestshallbemadefromeachendofeachforging.Inthecaseofringforgings,thetensiontestspecimenshallberemovedfromeachoftwolocationsontheperiphery,approximately180°apart,orinsofaraspracticablefromoppositeendsoftheforging.Also,onemagneticpermeabilitytestmustbemadewhenspecifiedonthecustomerorder.11.3Forforgingsweighinglessthan5000lbeach,onetensiontestshallbemadefromeachsizeclassificationforeachheatineachheat-treatingcharge.Whentheheat-treatingcyclesarethesameandthefurnaces(eitherbatchorcontinuoustype)arecontrolledwithin625°F(614°C)andequippedwithrecordingpyrometerssothatcompleterecordsofheattreat-mentareavailable,thenonlyonetensiontestfromeachheatofeachsizeclassificationisrequired.Also,onemagneticperme-abilitytestmustbemadewhenspecifiedonthecustomerorder.12.TestSpecimens
12.1TensiontestspecimensshallbetakenfromthetestprolongationsorfromtheforgingsasprovidedinSection10.12.2Dependinguponthemethodofforging,testspecimensshallbeprocuredasfollows,unlessotherwisespecified:
12.2.1Theaxisofthespecimenshallbelocatedatanypointmidwaybetweenthecenterandthesuatanypointmidwaybetweentheinnerandoutersurfacesofthandshallbeparalleltothedirectionofgreatestmetalflow.
12.2.2Theaxisofthespecimenshallbetangentialtothefthatis,atrightanglestoboththeradiusandtheaxisoftheforging.
12.3Thetensiontestspecimensshallbemachinedtotheformanddimensionsforstandardroundtensiontestspecimenswith2-in.or50-mmgagelengthshowninFig.5ofTestMethodsandDefinitionsA370.Onsmallforgingswhereitisnotpracticabletousesuchspecimens,thesubstitutionofspecimensconformingtothesmall-sizespecimensofFig.6ofTestMethodsandDefinitionsA370ispermitted.
13.Retreatment
13.1IfanyspecimenselectedtorepresentanylotasdescribedinSection12failstomeetanyofthetestrequire-ments,thematerialrepresentedbysuchspecimensmayberetreatedandresubmittedfortest.
14.Keywords
14.1austaustenitic-ferriticfemartestainlesssteelforgings
ASTMInternationaltakesnopositionrespectingthevalidityofanypatentrightsassertedinconnectionwithanyitemmentionedinthisstandard.Usersofthisstandardareexpresslyadvisedthatdeterminationofthevalidityofanysuchpatentrights,andtheriskofinfringementofsuchrights,areentirelytheirownresponsibility.
Thisstandardissubjecttorevisionatanytimebytheresponsibletechnicalcommitteeandmustbereviewedeveryfiveyearsandifnotrevised,eitherreapprovedorwithdrawn.YourcommentsareinvitedeitherforrevisionofthisstandardorforadditionalstandardsandshouldbeaddressedtoASTMInternationalHeadquarters.Yourcommentswillreceivecarefulconsiderationatameetingoftheresponsibletechnicalcommittee,whichyoumayattend.IfyoufeelthatyourcommentshavenotreceivedafairhearingyoushouldmakeyourviewsknowntotheASTMCommitteeonStandards,attheaddressshownbelow.
ThisstandardiscopyrightedbyASTMInternational,100BarrHarborDrive,POBoxC700,WestConshohocken,PA,UnitedStates.Individualreprints(singleormultiplecopies)ofthisstandardmaybeobtainedbycontactingASTMattheaboveaddressorat610-832-9585(phone),610-832-9555(fax),orservice@astm.org(e-mail);orthroughtheASTMwebsite
(www.astm.org).
贡献者：wylzyb_001002
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