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上一篇我们介绍了，乘热打铁，我们来了解一下Exchange灾难重建。
& 如果你的Exchange服务器突然出现物理故障（比如说突然冒烟儿了，呵呵~~）如何利用事先做好的备份在别的机器上继续邮件业务，实验环境如下：China是DNS，Beijing是域控制器，HK是将要冒烟儿的Exchange服务器，London是客户机同时是新的Exchange服务器
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border="0" alt="" src="/attachment/792187.jpg" />
完成实验我们需要以下几个步骤：
1.备份Exchange服务器的数据
2.重新设置新服务器的计算机账号
3.Exchange灾难恢复安装
4.SP2恢复安装
5.还原服务器数据库
&
1.& 备份Exchange服务器的数据
备份Exchange服务器数据，使用系统自带的备份工具，开始－程序－附件－系统工具－备份。
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border="0" alt="" src="/attachment/003828.jpg" />
按照向导提示下一步，选择“备份文件和设置”如下图所示
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border="0" alt="" src="/attachment/077765.jpg" />
选择要备份的内容，点击下一步
650) this.width=650;" onclick='window.open("/viewpic.php?refimg=" + this.src)'
border="0" alt="" src="/attachment/171187.jpg" />
选择备份项目，这里一定要注意不要错了，选择备份Exchange数据库
650) this.width=650;" onclick='window.open("/viewpic.php?refimg=" + this.src)'
border="0" alt="" src="/attachment/288890.jpg" />
填写备份文件的位置和名称
650) this.width=650;" onclick='window.open("/viewpic.php?refimg=" + this.src)'
border="0" alt="" src="/attachment/424921.jpg" />
点击下一步，按照提示开始备份数据
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border="0" alt="" src="/attachment/538609.jpg" />
备份完成后，记得把数据文件转移到London这台计算机上，下来假定HK这台Exchange服务器冒烟儿了（这里我们把他关机就OK啦）
&
2.& 重新设置新服务器的计算机账号
HK这台Exchange服务器已经完蛋了，我们要拿London代替HK作为新的Exchange服务器，我们希望London能使用HK的计算机账号，这样客户们就不需要做任何改动了。
&
①我们登陆域控制器，打开Active Directory用户和计算机，找到HK的计算机账号，右键单击，选择“重设账户”，这样Active Directory可以允许HK的计算机账号重新加入到域里面。
650) this.width=650;" onclick='window.open("/viewpic.php?refimg=" + this.src)'
border="0" alt="" src="/attachment/896671.jpg" />
&
②把London的计算机名和IP地址改成和HK完全一样。如下图所示
650) this.width=650;" onclick='window.open("/viewpic.php?refimg=" + this.src)'
border="0" alt="" src="/attachment/642593.jpg" />
650) this.width=650;" onclick='window.open("/viewpic.php?refimg=" + this.src)'
border="0" alt="" src="/attachment/680187.jpg" />
重新启动计算机，这台机器就以HK的身份重新加到了ITET的域内
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border="0" alt="" src="/attachment/744640.jpg" />
&
3. Exchange灾难恢复安装
在新的Exchange服务器上使用灾难恢复安装模式，选择此模式后，Exchange在安装时不会创建新的数据库，而是使用我们备份好的数据库。
① 在新的Exchange服务器上安装必要组件，ASP.NET，Internet信息服务（IIS）中的，SMTP，NNTP，WEB。如果系统是Win2003，需要安装kb831464补丁
&
②在新服务器上灾难恢复安装Exchange，放入Exchange光盘，进入cmd，&drive&\setup /DisasterRecovery 出现安装向导，如下图
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border="0" alt="" src="/attachment/141984.jpg" />
安装向导
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border="0" alt="" src="/attachment/181828.jpg" />
同意协议，继续下一步
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border="0" alt="" src="/attachment/235718.jpg" />
选择灾难恢复组件，选择“Microsoft Exchange消息与协作服务”和“Microsoft Exchange系统管理工具”这两个组件都要进行灾难恢复安装。如下图所示
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border="0" alt="" src="/attachment/429421.jpg" />
执行下一步完成向导，开始灾难恢复安装，如下图所示
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border="0" alt="" src="/attachment/520859.jpg" />
安装途中会提示使用备份还原Exchange数据库，单击确定继续如下图所示
650) this.width=650;" onclick='window.open("/viewpic.php?refimg=" + this.src)'
border="0" alt="" src="/attachment/601343.jpg" />
&
&
4.SP2恢复安装
完成Exchange灾难恢复安装后不能马上恢复数据库，因为原来的Exchange服务器安装了SP2补丁，所以我们要在新服务器上灾难恢复安装SP2，在运行update后面加一个参数/DisasterRecovery，这样以来就是以灾难恢复模式安装SP2.如下图所示
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border="0" alt="" src="/attachment/294281.jpg" />
进入安装向导下一步，继续
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border="0" alt="" src="/attachment/376968.jpg" />
同意协议后，选择安装组件，如下图所示
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border="0" alt="" src="/attachment/556281.jpg" />
开始灾难恢复安装，如下图所示
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border="0" alt="" src="/attachment/629140.jpg" />
安装途中还会出现提示使用备份还原Exchange数据库，单击确定继续如下图所示650) this.width=650;" onclick='window.open("/viewpic.php?refimg=" + this.src)'
border="0" alt="" src="/attachment/774937.jpg" />
&
&
5.还原服务器数据库
在新服务器打开备份工具，本次我们选择还原文件和设置”
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border="0" alt="" src="/attachment/969156.jpg" />
在“浏览”选择备份文件，然后选择文件夹，如下图所示
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border="0" alt="" src="/attachment/112359.jpg" />
选择要还原的数据的数据服务器，如图所示
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border="0" alt="" src="/attachment/262937.jpg" />
完成向导，开始恢复，如下图所示
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border="0" alt="" src="/attachment/332515.jpg" />
数据恢复完成后重新启动计算机
接下来打开Exchange系统管理器，选择服务器HK-第一个存储组-邮件存储（HK），右击选择“装入存储”
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border="0" alt="" src="/attachment/543109.jpg" />
装在成功，如下图所示
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border="0" alt="" src="/attachment/619578.jpg" />
然后别忘了装在“公用文件夹存储”方法相同
&
接下来我们找两个用户发一封测试信，测试一下
我们让admin1给user1发一封测试邮件，如下图所示（其实用户可以登录自己的邮箱，这说明已经OK了）
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border="0" alt="" src="/attachment/072687.jpg" />
user1收到了测试信，如下图所示
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border="0" alt="" src="/attachment/220078.jpg" />
&
&
这样Exchange Server 2003 服务器 灾难重建就成功了，Exchange服务器可以正常为用户提供服务。谢谢各位参看！！！本文出自 “” 博客，请务必保留此出处
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类别：┆阅读(0)┆评论(0)如何重建encrytion wallet-dbhelper-ITPUB博客
如何重建encrytion wallet
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当使用TDE(Transparent Data Encryption)&对数据库进行加密时，使用的密钥是随机生成的，这一随机生成的密钥，又会被masterkey进行加密，而masterkey会存放在encryption wallet或者HSM里，以下内容是TDE用作加密表列与加密表空间两种场景下重建encryption&wallet的过程（重建一般用于wallet文件以外丢失而又不能恢复的情况，这种情况是我们最不希望看到的，因为这必然会导致加密数据的丢失，定期备份wallet的重要性可想而知）
##新建wallet，将masterkey存放于wallet里
mkdir -p /oradata06/wallet
vi sqlnet.ora
ENCRYPTION_WALLET_LOCATION=
& &(SOURCE=
& & & &(METHOD=FILE)
& & & &(METHOD_DATA=
& & & & & (DIRECTORY= /oradata06/wallet)
alter system set encryption key identified by abcd_1234;
ls -l /oradata06/wallet
-rw-r--r-- & &1 oracle & oinstall & & & 1573 Sep 22 15:43 ewallet.p12
oracle@qc570709b:/home/oracle>mkstore -wrl /oradata06/wallet -list
Oracle Secret Store Tool : Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
Copyright (c) , Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Enter wallet password:
Oracle Secret Store entries:
ORACLE.SECURITY.DB.ENCRYPTION.ASS+rtwdxk9Gv/Hs6TIV7pgAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA & --masterkey
ORACLE.SECURITY.DB.ENCRYPTION.MASTERKEY
ORACLE.SECURITY.TS.ENCRYPTION.BS8N9QmwrZrPOcpY6aJPnZYCAwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA &--这行不知道是什么即使重建完masterkey后这行始终不变
create table t1 (id number,col1 varchar2(1) encrypt);
insert into t1 values(1,'A');
select * from v$encrypted_
no rows selected
select * from enc$;
& & & OBJ# & & OWNER#
---------- ----------
MKEYID & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & ENCALG
---------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
& & INTALG
----------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
& & KLCLEN & & & FLAG
---------- ----------
& &5532091 & & & & &1
ASS+rtwdxk9Gv/Hs6TIV7pgAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA & & & & & & & & & & &3
& & & & &1
2B76F456D6B347A78696C
& & & & 88
mkstore -wrl /oradata06/wallet -list
Oracle Secret Store Tool : Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
Copyright (c) , Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Enter wallet password:
Oracle Secret Store entries:
ORACLE.SECURITY.DB.ENCRYPTION.ASS+rtwdxk9Gv/Hs6TIV7pgAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
ORACLE.SECURITY.DB.ENCRYPTION.MASTERKEY
ORACLE.SECURITY.TS.ENCRYPTION.BS8N9QmwrZrPOcpY6aJPnZYCAwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
mkstore -wrl /oradata06/wallet -viewEntry ORACLE.SECURITY.DB.ENCRYPTION.MASTERKEY
Oracle Secret Store Tool : Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
Copyright (c) , Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Enter wallet password:
ORACLE.SECURITY.DB.ENCRYPTION.MASTERKEY = ASS+rtwdxk9Gv/Hs6TIV7pgAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//在masterkey用于column encrypt的情况下重建wallet
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////
--先备份原先加密的表
create table t1_bak as select * from t1;
--备份完之后的表是不加密的
SQL> desc t1_
&Name & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & &Null? & &Type
&----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
&ID & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & NUMBER
&COL1 & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & VARCHAR2(1)
--重命名ewallet.p12文件
cd /oradata06/wallet
mv ewallet.p12 ewallet.p12.old
--重新select t1表发现还能select出来，创建新的加密表也能成功，wallet还处于open状态，因为wallet open后整个内容会被加载到SGA里，所以文件本身的删除暂不会影响到TDE
select * from t1;
select * from v$encryption_wallet
WRL_TYPE & & & & & & WRL_PARAMETER & & & & & & & & & & & & & &STATUS
-------------------- ---------------------------------------- ------------------
file & & & & & & & & /oradata06/wallet & & & & & & & & & & & &OPEN
create table t2 (id number,col2 varchar2(1) encrypt);
Table created.
--close Wallet
alter system set wallet close identified by ABCD_1234;
System altered.
SQL> select * from poweruser.t1;
select * from poweruser.t1
& & & & & & & & & & & & *
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-28365: wallet is not open
--重新打开ewallet，终于报错了，直到将wallet从ewallet.p12.old命名回原来的名称ewallet.p12后才能正常open wallet
alter system set wallet open identified by ABCD_1234;
System altered.
--知道了上述特性后按照删除wallet文件->重置masterkey的方式来重建wallet
**删除步骤略去。。。
**下面重置masterkey
alter system set encryption key identified by ABCD_5678;
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-28362: master key not found
select * from v$encryption_wallet
WRL_TYPE & & & & & & WRL_PARAMETER & & & & & & & & &STATUS
-------------------- ------------------------------ ------------------
file & & & & & & & & /oradata06/wallet & & & & & & &OPEN
--虽然报错，但新的wallet文件还是生成了，上面的ORA-28362意指数据库中还存在有使用老的masterkey加密的encryption key，但这个老的masterkey没有包含在当前新建的wallet文件里，
SQL> alter system set encryption key identified by ABCD_5678;
alter system set encryption key identified by ABCD_5678
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-28362: master key not found
SQL> alter system set wallet close identified by ABCD_5678;
System altered.
select * from v$encryption_wallet
WRL_TYPE & & & & & & WRL_PARAMETER & & & & & & & & &STATUS
-------------------- ------------------------------ ------------------
file & & & & & & & & /oradata06/wallet & & & & & & &CLOSED
--t1表的masterkeyid还是和原来一样
& & & OBJ# & & OWNER# MKEYID & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & ENCALG & & INTALG
---------- ---------- ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- ----------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
& & KLCLEN & & & FLAG
---------- ----------
& &5532091 & & & & &1 ASS+rtwdxk9Gv/Hs6TIV7pgAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA & & & & & & & & & & &3 & & & & &1
386DA726F2B76F
456D6B347AD
& & & & 88
& &5532115 & & & & &1 ASS+rtwdxk9Gv/Hs6TIV7pgAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA & & & & & & & & & & &3 & & & & &1
6C4B734A6C16F54
& & & & 88
--重建wallet，该错误表示用来加密column encrypted key的masterkey没有存在于新建的wallet文件中
alter system set encryption key identified by "ABCD_5678";
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-28396: rekey of enc$ dictionary table failed
oracle@qc570709b:/oradata06/wallet>ls -rlt
-rw-r--r-- & &1 oracle & oinstall & & & 1573 Sep 22 16:44 ewallet.p12
--新的masterkey
oracle@qc570709b:/oradata06/wallet>mkstore -wrl /oradata06/wallet -list
Oracle Secret Store Tool : Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
Copyright (c) , Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Enter wallet password:
Oracle Secret Store entries:
ORACLE.SECURITY.DB.ENCRYPTION.AS00Ujj7+U8RvxZt4qnX594AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
ORACLE.SECURITY.DB.ENCRYPTION.ATctymEWWk/fv60qAOI6VB0AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
ORACLE.SECURITY.DB.ENCRYPTION.MASTERKEY
mkstore -wrl /oradata06/wallet -viewEntry ORACLE.SECURITY.DB.ENCRYPTION.MASTERKEY
Enter wallet password:
ORACLE.SECURITY.DB.ENCRYPTION.MASTERKEY = AS00Ujj7+U8RvxZt4qnX594AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
--drop掉t1、t2表
drop table t1;
drop table t2;
--再次重置encryption key成功，因为t1、t2表都已经drop掉了，没有masterkey游离于wallet之外了
alter system set encryption key identified by "ABCD_5678";
System altered.
oracle@qc570709b:/oradata06/wallet>mkstore -wrl /oradata06/wallet -list
Oracle Secret Store Tool : Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
Copyright (c) , Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Enter wallet password:
Oracle Secret Store entries:
ORACLE.SECURITY.DB.ENCRYPTION.AS00Ujj7+U8RvxZt4qnX594AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
ORACLE.SECURITY.DB.ENCRYPTION.ATctymEWWk/fv60qAOI6VB0AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
ORACLE.SECURITY.DB.ENCRYPTION.AW2PpYY4208ivx+gbbg1f+AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
ORACLE.SECURITY.DB.ENCRYPTION.AX+sAfvKQE9Cv0kEE2bOLogAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
ORACLE.SECURITY.DB.ENCRYPTION.MASTERKEY
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/////////masterkey用于表空间加密的情况下重建wallet
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////
--创建加密表空间ts_ecrypt03
SQL> alter system set encryption key identified by "ABCD_5678";
System altered.
SQL> create tablespace ts_ecrypt03 datafile '/oradata06/datafile/encrypt03.dbf' size 128m encryption using 'AES128' default storage(encrypt);
Tablespace created.
--创建加密表空间中的表
create table bb (username encrypt using 'AES192',userid,created) tablespace ts_ecrypt03 as select * from all_
Table created.
&Name & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & &Null? & &Type
&----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
&USERNAME & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & &NOT NULL VARCHAR2(30) ENCRYPT
&USERID & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & &NOT NULL NUMBER
&CREATED & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & NOT NULL DATE
SQL> select * from enc$;
no rows selected
SQL> select * from v$encrypted_
& & & &TS# ENCRYPT ENC
---------- ------- ---
ENCRYTPEDKEY
----------------------------------------------------------------
MASTERKEYID & & & & & & & & & & &BLOCKS_ENCRYPTED BLOCKS_DECRYPTED
-------------------------------- ---------------- ----------------
& & & & 59 AES128 &YES
2ED20DA29EABC
B864F9DBF120BB & & & & & & & &2 & & & & & & & &1
--用来加密TS_ECRYPT03表空间encrypted key所用的masterkey
select &name,utl_raw.cast_to_varchar2( utl_encode.base64_encode('01'||substr(mkeyid,1,4))) || utl_raw.cast_to_varchar2( utl_encode.base64_encode(substr(mkeyid,5,length(mkeyid)))) masterkeyid_base64 &FROM (select t.name, RAWTOHEX(x.mkid) mkeyid from v$tablespace t, x$kcbtek x where t.ts#=x.ts# and t.name like 'TS_ECRYPT%');
------------------------------
MASTERKEYID_BASE64
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TS_ECRYPT03
AQkGt8c7hk+dvxILshEjWdA=
--加密bb表encrypted key的masterkey和加密TS_ECRYPT03表空间encrypted key所用的masterkey相同
SQL> select mkeyid from enc$;
----------------------------------------------------------------
AQkGt8c7hk+dvxILshEjWdAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
--删除wallet文件
mv ewallet.p12 ewallet.p12.0922_5
--直接重置masterkey，生成新的wallet文件，新的wallet文件里没有包含老的masterkey，所以ORA-28362
alter system set encryption key identified by ABCD_7890;
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-28362: master key not found
--上述命令还是生成了新的masterkey
oracle@qc570709b:/oradata06/wallet>mkstore -wrl /oradata06/wallet -viewEntry ORACLE.SECURITY.DB.ENCRYPTION.MASTERKEY
Oracle Secret Store Tool : Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
Copyright (c) , Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Enter wallet password: & & & & &90
ORACLE.SECURITY.DB.ENCRYPTION.MASTERKEY = AWUTpq98gU9Mv9aqMy8ssiAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
--由于新的wallet文件里没有包含ts_ecrypt03创建时使用的masterkey所以下列语句报错
SQL> select *
select * from bb
& & & & & & & *
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-28362: master key not found
--此时创建新的加密表空间也失败
create tablespace ts_ecrypt04 datafile '/oradata06/ecrypt04' size 128m encryption using 'AES128' default storage(encrypt);
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-28374: typed master key not found in wallet
--再次重置masterkey后又遇到了ORA-28396，这次是因为encrypted tablespace里的那张加密的表bb
alter system set encryption key identified by ABCD_7890;
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-28396: rekey of enc$ dictionary table failed
--把bb表drop，reset masterkey终于恢复正常
SQL> drop table poweruser.
Table dropped.
alter system set encryption key identified by ABCD_7890;
--新的加密表空间也创建成功
create tablespace ts_ecrypt04 datafile '/oradata06/ecrypt04.dbf' size 128m encryption using 'AES128' default storage(encrypt);
Tablespace created.
--查看wallet文件内容
mkstore -wrl /oradata06/wallet -list
Oracle Secret Store Tool : Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
Copyright (c) , Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Enter wallet password:
Oracle Secret Store entries:
ORACLE.SECURITY.DB.ENCRYPTION.AUzti1Pbdk8/v2jYUGfEtgcAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
ORACLE.SECURITY.DB.ENCRYPTION.AWUTpq98gU9Mv9aqMy8ssiAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
ORACLE.SECURITY.DB.ENCRYPTION.AZrgeKbxDU9Gv8SedTZpX0UAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
ORACLE.SECURITY.DB.ENCRYPTION.MASTERKEY
mkstore -wrl /oradata06/wallet -viewEntry ORACLE.SECURITY.DB.ENCRYPTION.MASTERKEY
Oracle Secret Store Tool : Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
Copyright (c) , Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Enter wallet password:
ORACLE.SECURITY.DB.ENCRYPTION.MASTERKEY = AZrgeKbxDU9Gv8SedTZpX0UAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
--验证两个表空间均已经用上了最新的masterkey
select &name,utl_raw.cast_to_varchar2( utl_encode.base64_encode('01'||substr(mkeyid,1,4))) || utl_raw.cast_to_varchar2( utl_encode.base64_encode(substr(mkeyid,5,length(mkeyid)))) masterkeyid_base64 &FROM (select t.name, RAWTOHEX(x.mkid) mkeyid from v$tablespace t, x$kcbtek x where t.ts#=x.ts# and t.name like 'TS_ECRYPT%');
------------------------------
MASTERKEYID_BASE64
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TS_ECRYPT03
AZrgeKbxDU9Gv8SedTZpX0U=
TS_ECRYPT04
AZrgeKbxDU9Gv8SedTZpX0U=
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