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In 2006, a branding issue developed when Mike Connor, representing the , requested that the
Project comply with Mozilla standards for use of the Thunderbird
when redistributing the Thunderbird software. At issue were modifications not approved by the Mozilla Foundation, when the name for the software remained the same.
The Debian Project subsequently
program, and other software released by Mozilla, so that Debian could distribute modified software without being bound by the trademark requirements that the Mozilla Foundation had invoked. The new names established by Debian were Iceweasel for , Icedove for , and Iceape for . These changes were implemented in the subsequent version of . In July 2007, Iceowl, a rebranded version of , was added to the unstable branch of Debian.
In 2016, a number of Mozilla employees and Debian maintainers argued that the branding was no longer needed, and on 10 March 2016, Debian's unstable branch switched back to the Mozilla branding, with the stable branch planning to switch after Iceweasel's .
"Iceweasel" redirects here. For the GNU browser formerly known as IceWeasel, see .
Mozilla Foundation owns the trademark "Firefox" and claims the right to deny the use of the name and other trademarks to unofficial builds. The
are used by the Debian project to determine whether a license is a free license, which in turn is used to determine whether something can be included in Debian. As the logo did not meet these requirements, it could not be used by software which was to be included in Debian. This effect of the Mozilla trademark policy led to a long debate within the
in 2004 and 2005.
During this debate, the name "Iceweasel" was coined to refer to rebranded versions of Firefox. The first known use of the name in this context is by Nathanael Nerode, in reply to Eric Dorland's suggestion of "Icerabbit". It was intended as a parody of "Firefox". "Iceweasel" was subsequently used as the example name for a rebranded Firefox in the Mozilla Trademark Policy, and became the most commonly used name for a hypothetical rebranded version of Firefox. By January 1, 2005, rebranding as a strategy was being referred to as the "Iceweasel route".
The term "ice weasel" appeared earlier in a line which
fictionally attributed to : "Love is a snowmobile racing across the tundra and then suddenly it flips over, pinning you underneath. At night, the ice weasels come."
Debian was initially given permission to use the trademarks, and adopted the Firefox name. However, because the artwork in Firefox had a proprietary copyright license which was not compatible with the Debian Free Software Guidelines, the substituted logo had to remain.
In February 2006, Mike Connor, representing the , wrote to the Debian bug tracker and informed the project that Mozilla did not consider the way in which Debian was using the Firefox name to be acceptable. Connor confirmed that the Mozilla Corporation was revoking the previous agreement which allowed Debian to use the Firefox name. Further messages from Mike Connor clarified Mozilla's new trademark policies: usage of the Firefox name is not allowed unless the rest of the branding is used and all of the browser's changes are approved by Mozilla Corporation.
The immediate problem caused by the new policy was Debian's inability to use the official Firefox logo due to its proprietary license failing to comply with the . Additionally, as Debian releases are frozen on a long-term basis, software in the frozen stable releases needs to be patched for any newly discovered security issue. Under the revised guidelines, in order to use the Firefox name, approval from the Mozilla Corporation would have been required for all security patches, but the Debian project felt it could not put its security in the hands of an external corporation in that manner.
The "Iceweasel" name was revived in the Debian community as a possible name to give the rebranded version of Firefox. The Iceweasel found in Debian is not GNU IceWeasel (now ) but a rebranded Firefox created by the Debian project. The Debian maintainer has stated that he will "get in touch with [the GNU IceCat/IceWeasel team] to see what we can do together". Similarly, Debian renamed
to Icedove and Iceape, respectively.
According to the Debian Package Tracking System, Iceweasel, Icedove and Iceape were first accepted into the
project's unstable repository on November 20, 2006, on October 14, 2006, and on December 1, 2006, respectively. Icedove migrated to Etch and Thunderbird was removed on November 11, 2006. Iceape migrated to Etch on January 11, 2007 (the old Mozilla suite having previously been removed on October 6, 2006). Iceweasel migrated (and Firefox was removed) on January 18, 2007. Debian's first stable release to include Iceweasel, Icedove, and Iceape was Debian 4.0 (Etch), released April 8, 2007. Soon after the renaming Debian also replaced Mozilla's unbranded logos with new logos designed to fit with the new names, drawn by Ricardo Fernandez Fuentes.
Further information:
Some web sites do not recognise the browsers'
strings and refuse to work properly. As a workaround, Iceweasel 3.5.5 adds a "like
x.x.x" string to the User-Agent.
Debian's Iceweasel, Icedove, Iceowl, and Iceape are respectively based on Mozilla's , , , and . The rebranded products still use some Internet-based services from Mozilla, including the Mozilla plugin finder service, and Mozilla add-ons and their update notifications. There has also been no change to how non- components, such as Flash, are found or used.
Icedove logo
Main article:
Icedove is an
distributed by the Debian project. With Icedove, the Debian project aims to provide a
version of the Mozilla Thunderbird . The
has not yet kept synchronization with the
from Thunderbird, so has remained more like a
than originally planned.[]
Icedove is based on , but is made entirely of . By running its own plugin-finder service Icedove removes the
artwork and non-free
used by the .
Iceape logo
Main article:
Iceape is a
based on SeaMonkey. It is developed by the Debian Mozilla Team in unison with the SeaMonkey Council's work on their release, but in accordance with Debian's policy of only using ,
artwork and
are omitted.[]
A temporary lack of community development support resulted in Iceape being absent from the repository for Debian 5 ("Lenny"), though the iceape-dev and iceape-dev-bin libraries remained available. Support later resumed with Debian 6 ("Squeeze"), and by early 2013, the package was available for both Squeeze and June's release of Debian 7 ("Wheezy").[]
As of December 2013 the Iceape package is no longer being maintained by the Debian project and users are encouraged to migrate to other packages for security patches.
Main article:
Iceowl is a
application distributed by the Debian project. It is based on , but is made entirely of .
The rebranded programs are available under Mozilla's standard // tri-license. Like Mozilla, the default icons are under the same tri-license, but unlike Mozilla, there are no trademark restrictions.[]
Debian users who perform a dist-upgrade in June 2016 received the following system message. According to Chris Hoffman of PC World: After a decade, Debian and Mozilla are burying the hatchet. Iceweasel is about to re-assume its proper name.
iceweasel (45.0esr-1) urgency=medium
* The iceweasel package was replaced with the firefox-esr package.
* Preferences under /etc/iceweasel/prefs will need to be copied manually
to /etc/firefox-esr.
* Other customizations under /etc/iceweasel will need additional manual
steps, through CCK2 or addons.
. debian.org 2016.
. debian.org 2016.
Hoffman, Chris (). . .
. Gnu.org. .
(1986). Love Is Hell. .  .
, retrieved 19 July 2013
"copyright" file from Iceweasel package in Debian, version 2.0.0.2+dfsg-3
Dorland, E Hommey, Mike (). . Debian Changelog iceweasel.
. Bugs.debian.org.
Hoffman, Chris. . PC World 2016.
- a summary of the debate at
Kerner, Sean Michael (October 17, 2006). . .
Nathan Willis (February 24, 2016). . LWN.net.
: Hidden categories:Debian Stable 将在三个月之后提供 Firefox。一些 Linux 老用户都知道 Debian GNU/Linux 系统以及它的一些衍生发行版采用 Iceweasel 作为默认浏览器。Iceweasel 是著名的 Mozilla Firefox 浏览器的一个分叉衍生版本，而 Debian 使用 Iceweasel 已经很久了。大概从 2006 年 2 月开始，Debian 开发者们由于 Firefox &Logo 的商标问题，而[1]将 Firefox 重新包装成 Iceweasel。上个月 Softpedia 就[2]过 Debian 开发者可以将他们的 Iceweasel 换回到 Firefox 了，而现在官方宣布了 Firefox 将进入主软件仓库这一消息。“这比我们预期的要久，不过终究这一天来到了。我已经将 Firefox 和 Firefox ESR （扩展支持版）上传到了 Debian unstable。它们将会通过 Debian NEW 队列过程，因为它们是新的软件包，所以不能马上就可用。不过这也不需要多久”，Iceweasel 维护者 Mike Hommey&[3]到。“Mozill Thunderbird 怎么办？”在 Debian GNU/Linux 中将 Iceweasel 替换为 Firefox 浏览器是一个重大变化，Debian unstable 中的 Iceweasel 软件包会被升级成当前的 Firefox ESR 版本。同样，Debian Stable 也会更新为 Firefox ESR 版本，不过应该要到三个月之后。但是，还有一个问题，Icedove 什么时候会被替换回 Mozilla Thunderbird ？[1]: https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=354622[2]: /news/debian-finally-switches-iceweasel-name-back-to-firefox-500966.shtml[3]: https://glandium.org/blog/?p=3622推荐文章ID点击标题或输入文章 ID 直达该文章1033333559511024将文章分享给朋友是对我们最好的赞赏！
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Kali Linux 2016.2使用总结
（1）音量调整按钮归并到右上角的关闭按钮，点击关闭按钮，就可以看到音量调整滑块按钮。（2）使用VMWare虚拟机时，在安装增强工具open-vm-tools后，复制较大文件，会出现复制进度对话框。该对话框消失后，文件并没有出现在目标位置。这时，再次粘贴一次，就可以了。如果还是没有要复制的文件，用户可以在根目录下的/tmp/VMwareDnD中找到临时文件夹。复制的文件保存在该文件夹中。（3）Kali Linux 2016.2默认浏览器不再是Iceweasel，替换为FireFox ESR。该版本不会像FireFox普通版本频繁更新。Kali Linux系统使用基础教程：
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保存至快速回贴Security Information -- DSA-3510-1 iceweasel
Debian Security Advisory
DSA-3510-1 iceweasel -- security update
Date Reported:
09 Mar 2016
Affected Packages:
Vulnerable:
Security database references:
In Mitre's CVE dictionary: , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , .
More information:
Multiple security issues have been found in Iceweasel, Debian's version
of the Mozilla Firefox web browser: Multiple memory safety errors,
buffer overflows, use-after-frees and other implementation errors may
lead to the execution of arbitrary code, denial of service, address bar
spoofing and overwriting local files.
For the oldstable distribution (wheezy), these problems have been fixed
in version 38.7.0esr-1~deb7u1.
For the stable distribution (jessie), these problems have been fixed in
version 38.7.0esr-1~deb8u1.
For the unstable distribution (sid), Debian is in the process of moving
back towards using the Firefox name. These problems will soon be fixed
in the firefox-esr source package.
We recommend that you upgrade your iceweasel packages.
How to set
To report a problem with the web site, e-mail . For other contact information, see the Debian . Web site source code is .
Last Modified: Sun, Sep 18 20:08:02 UTC 2016
Copyright & 2016
Debian is a registered
of Software in the Public Interest, Inc.