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测试平台信息： Oracle：11gR2 操作系统：Redhat 5.5 Target DB:dave 几点说明： 1、RMAN 异机恢复的时候，db_name必须相同。 如果说要想改成其他的实例名，可以在恢复成功后，用nid 命令修改。 实例名的信息会记录到控制文件里，所以如果在恢复的时候，如果实例名不一致，恢复的时候会报错。 2、如果恢复的路径和源库不一致，就需要在restore时用set 命令指定新位置。 并且使用switch datafile all将信息更新的到控制文件。 在做duplicate的时候，RMAN 会自动根据pfile中的log_file_name_convert和db_file_name_convert来进行set 的转换。 手工restore时，只能使用set 命令。
3、异机恢复对相同目录和不同目录都做了说明。 4、最后测试了NID 修改DBID 和DBNAME. 一. Target 库准备工作： 1. 查询DBID SQL& select name,dbid from v$ NAME
DBID --------- ---------- DAVE
2. 备份DB 关于RMAN 的shell 备份脚本，参考： Nocatalog 下的RMAN 增量备份 shell脚本 http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/archive//6164931.aspx 在这里我用0级和1级备份了下DB。 [oracle@qs-dmm-rh1 backup]$ ls arch_0pm6qt8q_1_1_
dave_lev0_0jm6qt77_1_1_
dave_lev1_0um6qtcq_1_1_ arch_0qm6qt8q_1_1_
dave_lev0_0km6qt77_1_1_
dave_lev1_0vm6qtcq_1_1_ arch_13m6qtda_1_1_
dave_lev0_0lm6qt77_1_1_
dave_lev1_11m6qtd7_1_1_ arch_14m6qtda_1_1_
dave_lev0_0nm6qt7c_1_1_
dave_spfile_16m6qtde_1_1_ ctl_file_15m6qtdc_1_1_
dave_lev1_0tm6qtcq_1_1_
二. Auxiliary库准备工作： 1. 创建口令文件 [oracle@qs-dmm-rh2 trace]$ orapwd file=?/dbs/orapwdave password=oracle
2. 创建相关的目录 [oracle@qs-dmm-rh2 u01]$ mkdir oradata [oracle@qs-dmm-rh2 oradata]$ pwd /u01/oradata
3. 创建初始化参数 将Target 库的pfile 文件copy过来。 也可以使用RMAN 从我们Target库的备份集中恢复，因为我们之前备份过spfile。不过使用RMAN， DB要先启动到nomout 状态。 这个可以用默认的init.ora 来启动。 [oracle@qs-dmm-rh2 backup]$ export ORACLE_SID=dave [oracle@qs-dmm-rh2 backup]$ rman target / Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Fri Mar 11 15:11:31 2011 Copyright (c) , Oracle and/or its affiliates.
All rights reserved. connected to target database: DAVE (not mounted) RMAN& restore spfile to pfile '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/initdave2.ora' from '/u01/backup/dave_spfile_16m6qtde_1_1_'; Starting restore at 11-MAR-11 using target database control file instead of recovery catalog allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=19 device type=DISK channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring spfile from AUTOBACKUP /u01/backup/dave_spfile_16m6qtde_1_1_ channel ORA_DISK_1: SPFILE restore from AUTOBACKUP complete Finished restore at 11-MAR-11
如果修改数据文件保存的位置，那么要修改控制文件的相关的参数： *.control_files='/u01/oradata/control01.ctl','/u01/oradata/control02.ctl','/u01/oradata/control03.ctl' *.db_name='dave'
4. 将用pfile将Auxiliary库启动到nomout 状态 SQL& startup nomount pfile=?/dbs/initdave.ora
5. 恢复控制文件 [oracle@qs-dmm-rh2 dbs]$ export ORACLE_SID=dave [oracle@qs-dmm-rh2 dbs]$ rman target / Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Fri Mar 11 15:25:55 2011 Copyright (c) , Oracle and/or its affiliates.
All rights reserved. connected to target database: DAVE (not mounted)
restore controlfile from '/u01/backup/ctl_file_15m6qtdc_1_1_'; Starting restore at 11-MAR-11 using target database control file instead of recovery catalog allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=20 device type=DISK channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 output file name=/u01/oradata/control01.ctl output file name=/u01/oradata/control02.ctl output file name=/u01/oradata/control03.ctl Finished restore at 11-MAR-11
restore 的时候需要控制文件，控制文件恢复的位置，是我们在pfile中的control_files参数控制的。 6. 将DB 启动到mout状态 RMAN&
database mounted released channel: ORA_DISK_1
7. restore 数据库 7.1 恢复目录不同的情况： 因为我们的路径不同，所以我们需要使用set 命令转换一下路径。 到Target 库查询一下： SQL& select file_id,file_name from dba_data_
FILE_ID FILE_NAME ---------- -------------------------------------------
4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/users01.dbf
3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/undotbs01.dbf
2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/sysaux01.dbf
1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/system01.dbf SQL& select file_id,file_name from dba_temp_
FILE_ID FILE_NAME ---------- ------------------------------------------
1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/temp01.dbf
注意，restore 的时候不会对temp 表空间进行restore。所以等restore 之后，我们需要手工创建temp表空间。 RMAN&
run 2& { set newname for datafile
"/u01/oradata/system01.dbf"; 3& 4& set newname for datafile
"/u01/oradata/sysaux01.dbf"; 5& set newname for datafile
"/u01/oradata/undotbs01.dbf"; 6& set newname for datafile
"/u01/oradata/users01.dbf"; 7& 8& 9& }
对switch datafile all的说明： --对于nocatalog 模式下，rman备份的信息是保存在控制文件里的，包括文件的路径信息。 这里的switch datafile all的作用，就是更新控制文件里的信息。 executing command: SET NEWNAME released channel: ORA_DISK_1 executing command: SET NEWNAME
..............省略若干行................ datafile 4 switched to datafile copy input datafile copy RECID=8 STAMP= file name=/u01/oradata/users01.dbf
7.2 恢复目录相同 这种情况比较简单，直接： RMAN&
8. recover DB RMAN&
Starting recover at 11-MAR-11 using channel ORA_DISK_1
..............省略若干行................ archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/arch1_8_.dbf thread=1 sequence=8 unable to find archived log archived log thread=1 sequence=9 RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS =============== RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 03/11/:00 RMAN-06054: media recovery requesting unknown archived log for thread 1 with sequence 9 and starting SCN of 823627
之后会报一个错误： RMAN-06054: media recovery requesting unknown archived log for thread 1 with sequence 9 and starting SCN of 823627
这里是提醒恢复到一个未知的scn号。在alter database mount之后，通过set until scn或者set until time命令设置恢复到的scn号或时间。就可以避免这个错误。 9. 用open resetlogs 打开数据库 SQL& alter dat Database altered.
我测试的平台是11gR2的版本，在open resetlogs 之后，自动在原来默认的路径创建了temp 表空间和3组redo 文件。 如果恢复目录和原来相同，就不用修改。 如果目录不同，我们就需要把这些文件移到我们现在的data目录。 源目录： [oracle@qs-dmm-rh2 dave]$ pwd /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave [oracle@qs-dmm-rh2 dave]$ ls redo01.log
redo02.log
redo03.log
temp01.dbf
现在的目录： [oracle@qs-dmm-rh2 dave]$ cd /u01/oradata/ [oracle@qs-dmm-rh2 oradata]$ ls control01.ctl
control02.ctl
control03.ctl
sysaux01.dbf
system01.dbf
undotbs01.dbf
users01.dbf
1、处理online redo log SQL& select group#,bytes/||'M',status from v$
GROUP# BYTES/||'M'
STATUS ---------- ----------------------------------------- ----------------
SQL& select group#,member from v$
GROUP# MEMBER ---------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/redo03.log
2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/redo02.log
1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/redo01.log
oracle 至少有2组redo log。 所以我们可以将已经完成归档的redo drop掉， 重新创建。 SQL& alter database drop logfile group 3; Database altered. SQL& alter database add logfile group 3 ('/u01/oradata/redo03.log') size 50m; Database altered. SQL& alter s System altered. SQL&
select group#,bytes/||'M',status from v$
GROUP# BYTES/||'M'
STATUS ---------- ----------------------------------------- ----------------
SQL& alter database drop logfile group 1; Database altered. SQL& alter database add logfile group 1 ('/u01/oradata/redo01.log') size 50m; Database altered. SQL& alter s System altered. SQL& alter database drop logfile group 2; Database altered. SQL& alter database add logfile group 2 ('/u01/oradata/redo02.log') size 50m; Database altered.
SQL& select group#,member from v$
GROUP# MEMBER ---------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
3 /u01/oradata/redo03.log
2 /u01/oradata/redo02.log
1 /u01/oradata/redo01.log
2、处理temp 临时表空间 SQL& select name from v$ NAME -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/temp01.dbf
--表空间offline SQL& alter database tempfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/temp01.dbf' Database altered.
--在OS 级别移动temp 的数据文件 SQL& !mv /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/temp01.dbf /u01/oradata/temp01.dbf
--修改控制文件中temp文件的信息 SQL& alter database rename file '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/temp01.dbf' to '/u01/oradata/temp01.dbf'; Database altered.
--temp 表空间online SQL& alter database tempfile '/u01/oradata/temp01.dbf' Database altered.
--验证 SQL& select name from v$ NAME -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /u01/oradata/temp01.dbf
NID 修改DBID和DBNAME 先查看，这个和我们之前的一样 SQL& select name,dbid from v$ NAME
DBID --------- ---------- DAVE
几点说明： 1、在修改DBID期间仍然可能会遇到不可恢复的错误。所以修改之前备份数据库，特使是控制文件。因为nid 会修改控制文件中的信息。 2、需要将DB 启动到mount 状态才能修改。 SQL& shutdown immediate SQL&
在执行NID 命令之前：一定要关闭所有的session连接。 nid 命令到执行的最后会关闭数据库，如果有session 连接，就会阻止这个操作，修改dbid就会被挂死。如果中断这个操作。修改就会失败，数据库就不能mount。需要恢复。
1、只改DBID， 不改db_name [oracle@qs-dmm-rh2 trace]$ nid target=sys/oracle DBNEWID: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Fri Mar 11 18:36:33 2011 Copyright (c) , Oracle and/or its affiliates.
All rights reserved. Connected to database DAVE (DBID=) Connected to server version 11.2.0 Control Files in database:
/u01/oradata/control01.ctl
/u01/oradata/control02.ctl
/u01/oradata/control03.ctl Change database ID of database DAVE? (Y/[N]) =& y
Proceeding with operation Changing database ID from
Control File /u01/oradata/control01.ctl - modified
Control File /u01/oradata/control02.ctl - modified
Control File /u01/oradata/control03.ctl - modified
Datafile /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/system01.db - dbid changed
Datafile /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/sysaux01.db - dbid changed
Datafile /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/undotbs01.db - dbid changed
Datafile /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/users01.db - dbid changed
Datafile /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/temp01.db - dbid changed
Control File /u01/oradata/control01.ctl - dbid changed
Control File /u01/oradata/control02.ctl - dbid changed
Control File /u01/oradata/control03.ctl - dbid changed
Instance shut down
Database ID for database DAVE changed to . All previous backups and archived redo logs for this database are unusable. Database has been shutdown, open database with RESETLOGS option. Succesfully changed database ID. DBNEWID - Completed succesfully.
重启打开数据库： [oracle@qs-dmm-rh2 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=dave [oracle@qs-dmm-rh2 ~]$ sqlplus / SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Fri Mar 11 18:37:57 2011 Copyright (c) , Oracle.
All rights reserved. Connected to an idle instance. SQL& startup
ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area
bytes Fixed Size
1335444 bytes Variable Size
bytes Database Buffers
bytes Redo Buffers
2404352 bytes Database mounted. ORA-01589: must use RESETLOGS or NORESETLOGS option for database open SQL& alter dat Database altered. SQL& select name,dbid from v$ NAME
DBID --------- ---------- DAVE
2、修改DBID 和DB_NAME 注意一点，修改DB_NAME 之前，要将spfile 创建成pfile，因为修改dbname之后，原来的参数文件就没用了。所以要保证最新的参数。 还有修改DB_NAME的值为最新值。 修改完之后，然后用这个新参数启动DB. [oracle@qs-dmm-rh2 trace]$
nid target=sys/oracle dbname=anqing DBNEWID: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Fri Mar 11 18:41:01 2011 Copyright (c) , Oracle and/or its affiliates.
All rights reserved. Connected to database DAVE (DBID=) Connected to server version 11.2.0 Control Files in database:
/u01/oradata/control01.ctl
/u01/oradata/control02.ctl
/u01/oradata/control03.ctl
Change database ID and database name DAVE to DBA? (Y/[N]) =& y
Proceeding with operation Changing database ID from
Changing database name from DAVE to DBA
Control File /u01/oradata/control01.ctl - modified
Control File /u01/oradata/control02.ctl - modified
Control File /u01/oradata/control03.ctl - modified
Datafile /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/system01.db - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/sysaux01.db - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/undotbs01.db - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/users01.db - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/temp01.db - dbid changed, wrote new name
Control File /u01/oradata/control01.ctl - dbid changed, wrote new name
Control File /u01/oradata/control02.ctl - dbid changed, wrote new name
Control File /u01/oradata/control03.ctl - dbid changed, wrote new name
Instance shut down
Database name changed to DBA. Modify parameter file and generate a new password file before restarting. Database ID for database DBA changed to . All previous backups and archived redo logs for this database are unusable. Database has been shutdown, open database with RESETLOGS option. Succesfully changed database name and ID. DBNEWID - Completed succesfully.
验证： SQL& select name,dbid from v$
DBID --------- ---------- ANQING
参考至：http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/6240983
如有错误，欢迎指正 邮箱:
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谢谢非常有用那
写的很详细
学习了，学习了
大写的赞..
作为初学者，我表示写得非常好，正在疑惑这些参数的意义呢！
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14. PLSQL 中使用resetlogs 方式打开数据库，完成恢复
SQL& alter dat
数据库已更改。
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