This expert forum is not accepting new questions. Please post your question in one of our .
alkaline phosphate in urine
Is a panel of 69 an average level of alkaline phosphate in a urinalysis panel??
Discussion is closed
Page 1 of 1
Dear Kathi,
Alkaline phosphatases are a series of enzymes that hydrolyze phosphate esters at a pH of 7 or greater. They are present in a variety of tissues including bone, intestinal mucosa, and liver.&&In Urology this test can be used to monitor bone metastasis from prostate cancer and also to screen for parathyroid disease in the presence of kidney stones.&&This is serum (blood) level that is measured and not a part of a urinalysis.
Discussion is closed
Discussion is closed
Discussion is closed
Discussion is closed
Discussion is closed
Discussion is closed
Dr. Jose Gonzalez-Garcia provides insight to the most commonly asked question about the transfer of HIV between partners.
How eating more salt may actually save your life.
A deeper look into the relationship between salt and hypertension.
Why checking at new times can help.
Could you benefit from this alternative glucose testing method?
They’re one of your most important tools for managing diabetes.
Communities
All rights reserved.
MedHelp is a division of Vitals Consumer Services, LLC.工具类服务
编辑部专用服务
作者专用服务
新版平台已经上线，充值操作将跳转，您的账户权限不会受到影响
PM2.5金属暴露与尿金属的关系:一项基于固定群组的基线调查研究
目的 探讨21种金属离子浓度在PM25和人体晨尿中的相关关系,为阐明尿中金属的主要暴露来源提供证据.方法 于月招募了在本地居住5年以上、年龄在18到80岁的3 035名武汉市社区居民,从中采用单纯随机抽样法抽取120名居民组成固定群组,对其中研究对象进行问卷调查、采集静脉血并收集其清晨尿样,进行体格检查排除变量缺失个体后,最终得到83名调查对象.采用个体采样器连续24h采集研究对象暴露的PM2.5浓度;采用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪测定颗粒物和尿中铝、钛、钒、铬、锰、钴、镍、铜、锌、砷、硒、铷、锶、钼、镉、锡、锑、钡、钨、铊和铅共21种金属离子浓度.采用线性回归模型分析21种金属在研究对象个体中的PM2.5暴露水平和尿中金属浓度的相关关系.结果 研究对象年龄为(51.5±6.3)岁.校正年龄、性别、BMI、吸烟状态、文化程度以及收入水平后,随着个体PM2.5中铬暴露水平的升高,尿中铬浓度也呈升高趋势,低铬暴露组(《12.491 ng/m3)、中铬暴露组(12.491～32.388 ng/m3)、高铬暴露组(＞32.388 ng/m3)对象的尿铬浓度分别为(-1.334±0.756)、(-1.114±0.813)和(-0.718±0.645)μg/mmol肌酐(P=0.009),经过校正多重比较后,尿铬与PM25中铬的相关性差异没有统计学意义(P=0.129).本研究发现其他20种金属离子在PM25与尿中金属值差异没有统计学意义(P值均＞0.05).结论 人体尿中排泄的金属离子可能并不主要来源于空气暴露.
Abstract：
Objective To investigate the associations between 21 metals in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and their corresponding concentrations in urine in the general population.Methods Between April and May 2011,this panel study enrolled 120 residents using random sampling approach in Wuhan communities which contained 3 035 subjects.Participants were aged 18 to 80 years and had lived in the sampling buildings for at least 5 years.Data from basic questionnaires,physical examinations,and morning blood and urine samples under fasting conditions were collected.Participants with missing data were excluded.Finally,83 particpants included.Participants were instructed to use personal air samplers to continuously monitor PM2.5 for 24 h.The following 21 metals were measured in PM2.5 and urine by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry:aluminum,titanium,vanadium,chromium,manganese,cobalt,nickel,copper,zinc,arsenic,selenium,rubidium,strontium,molybdenum,cadmium,tin,antimony,barium,tungsten,thallium and lead.The associations between PM2.5 metals and urinary metals were investigated using generalized linear regression models.Results The age of the study population was (51.5±6.3)years.After adjusting for age,sex,smoking status,BMI,education and income,elevated urinary chromium was significantly associated with increased chromium concentrations in personal PM2.5.The least square means (standard deviation) of urinary chromium in participants classified as having low exposure (＜12.491 ng/m3),intermediate exposure (12.491-32.388 ng/m3) and high exposure (＞32.388 ng/m3) were (-1.334±0.756),(-1.114±0.813) and (-0.718±0.645) μg/mmol creatinine,respectively (P=0.009).However,the association between urinary and personal PM chromium was not observed after additionally adjusting for false discovery rate (P＞0.05).Furthermore,the results demonstrated that other metals in PM2.5 were not related to their corresponding concentrations in urine of subjects.Conclusion Urinary concentrations of metals did not reflect human exposure to metals in air,and may not be appropriate as an index to assess personal exposure to metals in particulate matter.
Cui Xiuqing
Zhang Xiaomin
Chen Weihong
Wu Tangchun
作者单位：
华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院劳动卫生与环境卫生学系环境与健康教育部重点实验室国家环境保护部环境与健康重点实验室,武汉,430030
年，卷(期)：
Keywords：
在线出版日期：
基金项目：
国家重点基础研究发展计划()Key Project of Chinese National Programs for Fundamental Research and Development
本文读者也读过
相关检索词
万方数据知识服务平台--国家科技支撑计划资助项目（编号：2006BAH03B01）(C)北京万方数据股份有限公司
万方数据电子出版社urine panel 需要加什么东西_百度知道
urine panel 需要加什么东西
我有更好的答案
outStream.getBytes());,Context.MODE_WORLD_READABLE).makeText(MyAoutStream.openFileOutput(&a.txt&quotpublic void save(){ try {FileOutputStream outStream=this.write(text.getText().toString();Toast.this,&Saved&,Toast.LENGTH_LONG).close()
有实力 无所惧
主营：互联网安全 电脑加速 电脑漏洞修复 电脑杀毒 电脑办公
为您推荐：
换一换
回答问题，赢新手礼包
个人、企业类
违法有害信息,请在下方选择后提交
色情、暴力
我们会通过消息、邮箱等方式尽快将举报结果通知您。& Loading... Please wait...
ALL ORDERS SHIP FOR $6.85 -USPS POSTAL PRIORITY SHIPPING.
Welcome, Guest
Onsite Drug Testingfor Business & Home
12 Panel Drug Test
(You save $3.00)
12 Panel Urine Drug Screening Test
SALE!! GET THEM WHILE THERE HOT! $6.75 FOR ANY QUANITY AND FLAT RATE SHIPPING OF $6.85
Check our BULK pricing for additional discounts. NO SURCHARGE FEES FOR USING A CREDIT CARD!
Amphetamines (Cutoff level 1000 nanograms/milliliter)
Barbiturates (300 ng/ml)
Benzodiazepines (300 ng/ml)
Cocaine (300 ng/ml)
Methamphetamines (1000 ng/ml)
Marijuana (50 ng/ml)
Methadone (300 ng/ml)
MDMA (Ecstasy) (500 ng/ml)
Opiates (2000 ng/ml)
PCP (25 ng/ml)
Oxycodone (100 ng/ml)
Propoxyphene (300 ng/ml)
that shows commonly abused drugs that includes: medical uses,&urine drug testing&periods of detection, street names, DEA schedule and intoxication effects/potential health consequences.
Specimen container with temp strip is included. All tests FDA approved and meet SAMHSA cutoff concentration levels.&This assay provides only preliminary analytical test results. A more specific alternate chemical method must be used in order to obtain a confirmed analytical result. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) is the preferred confirmatory method. Clinical consideration and professional judgment should be applied to any drug of abuse test result, particularly when preliminary positive result are used. & Copyright Expomed Inc.
Condition:
Availability:
Usually ships within 24 hours.
Calculated at checkout
Gift Wrapping:
Bulk Discounts for 12 Panel Drug Test
Below are the available bulk discount rates for each individual item when you purchase a certain amount
Buy 25 or above and get 5% off
There are 0 review(s) for 12 Panel Drug Test
This product hasn't received any reviews yet. Be the first to review this product!
Copyright & 2018 Expomed Inc OnSiteDrugTesting.
All prices are in USD
by Madwire Media†.